Cherríe Moraga's Ecofeminist Aesthetics toward Reclaiming Chicana Body in Heroes and Saints and Watsonville: Some Place Not Here

本論文旨在以生態女性主義的視角來分析居於舊金山灣區的奇哥娜女劇作家摩拉格的兩齣話劇－《英雄與聖人》以及《決特森維爾：非此地也》。這兩齣戲主現奇哥娜人如何成了美國資本主義、環境破壞、種族歧視、性別歧視的受害者。不過，摩拉格卻強調他所要刻畫的不僅僅是這些女性作為受害者的一面，更是作為處於美國社會壓抑結構下反抗者的另一面。奇哥諾話劇是透過源自於農場勞工運動的實踐而發展而來的。摩拉格雖然吸收了奇哥諾話劇的傳統，卻有別於路易斯˙瓦爾迪茲等男性劇作家的觀點，而是以女性、以女同性患者的角度來對依附（污染環境與女性身體的）資本主義體制的男性霸權主義與異性態霸權主義提出異議。本文論述了從復合型生態女性主義觀點如何詮釋摩拉格這兩齣話劇。此復合型生態女性主義包含結合了環境問題與性別問題的生態女性主義、奇哥娜的生態女性主義以及同志生態女性主義。

關鍵字

摩拉格；生態女性主義；同志生態女性主義；《英雄與聖人》；《決特森維爾:非此地也》

並列摘要

This study examines two plays written by Cherríe Moraga, a queer Chicana playwright living in San Francisco Bay Area, from ecofaminist perspectives. These plays- Heroes and Saints and Watsonville- present Chicacas who are victimized in the multi-layered structure of capitalist economic system following environmental devastation, racism, and sexism. Moraga, however, depicts those women's characters not as victims but as resisters who strive to survive, fighting against the oppressive forces of American society.Chicano Theaters have developed as a poignant practice in Chicano farm workers' labor movement. While Moraga's plays share this historical background, they are different from the plays written by male authors, e.g., Luis Valdez, because Moraga with her discourses as a Lesbian Chicana criticizes male-dominated heterosexism in capitalism, which disgraces the natural environment and eventually women's bodies. This paper analyzes how Moraga's two plays can be read in terms of the more advanced ecofeminism which intermixes different aspects of ecofeminism reflecting Moraga's critical stance as a lesbian (queer) Chicana.