基于文体教学的记叙文要素分析表—结合新加坡华文教材进行阅读教学与教案设计

Teaching of Reading through Tabular Analysis of Narrative Text Structures Based on Genre Pedagogy: A Sample Teaching Design and Lesson Plan Using Singapore Chinese Teaching Materials

邱佳琪(Cha-Kie Hiew)

《华文学刊》 25期 (2015/06) Pp. 81-96

摘要

阅读教学包含了不同文体的教学，而作为各种语篇结构类型基础的记叙文，除了是阅读材料中的主要文体，相应的记叙文分析方法也是阅读教学中不可或缺的部分。因此本文从文体教学的角度剖析记叙文的构成模式，并概括出背景、人物、事件这三个主要要素及其相应的描写层面，通过三种文本分析表说明记叙文的主要文本特征。背景分析表包含时间、地点、气氛；人物分析表包括人物的生活状态、外型、想法、话语、行为、人物关系、人物互动方式等层面；事件分析表则包含事件的开端、发展、冲突、转折、结局、影响或评论。本文也进一步结合新加坡中学华文教材，借由文本分析与教案展示如何通过分析表进行记叙文教学，为阅读教学提供具体的教学设计与应用示例。

關鍵字

记叙文 ； 阅读教学 ； 文本分析 ； 文体教学 ； 背景 ； 人物 ； 事件

並列摘要

Teaching of reading usually involves the teaching of different text genres. The narrative text is a main genre while the narrative structure is a basic element in the structure of different genres. Therefore, it is imperative for reading lessons to include the teaching of narrative text analysis. Based on genre pedagogy, the author has identified three main elements of the narrative text - Setting, Character and Event. Setting includes time, place, and atmosphere of the whole text. Character comprises the main characters' current/past conditions, appearances, thoughts, discourse, actions, and also their relationships and interactions with other characters. Event consists of orientations, complications, conflicts, transitions, resolutions, influence/evaluations of main events occurred in the text. Through a sample teaching design and lesson plan using Singapore Chinese teaching materials, this paper demonstrates how to apply tabular analyses of narrative texts structure to enhance the effectiveness of the teaching of reading narrative texts.

並列關鍵字

narrative ； teaching of reading ； text analysis ； genre pedagogy ； setting ； character ； event