銀合歡藥劑注射防除效果及林相復舊方式

The Effect of Herbicide Injection on Leucaena Control and Techniques of Forest Restoration

王相華(Hsiang-Hua Wang) ； 洪聖峰(Sheng-Feng Hung)

《中華民國雜草學會會刊》 26卷1期 (2005/06) Pp. 15-32

https://doi.org/10.6274/WSSROC-2005-026(1)-015

摘要

銀合歡於16世紀引進台灣，目前被列名為重要外來入侵植物，在部分地區甚至以純林方式出現。本研究之目的在測試不同化學藥劑組合及劑量對銀合歡之防除效果，以及銀合歡佔優勢森林之林相復舊方式。試驗結果顯示，嘉塞磷(glyphosate)單一藥劑注射的防除效果優於嘉塞磷與三氯比(triclopyr)混合藥劑。銀合歡單株胸高直徑每cm注射嘉塞磷藥劑劑量1 ml時，致死率為67%；銀合歡單株胸高直徑每cm注射嘉塞磷藥劑劑量1.5 ml時，致死率為100%。試驗林分經銀合歡藥劑注射處理後，採用原生樹苗林下栽植及保留天然更新苗木方式進行林相復舊，期間經過2次植栽週邊除草撫育作業，栽植苗木及天然更新苗木在13個月後之存活率分別為51.6及60.7%，密度分別為1610株／ha及680株／ha，其中稜果榕、扛香藤、血桐、蟲屎、構樹之苗高平均生長量都在130 cm以上，黃槿、相思樹、水黃皮之苗高平均生長量在50 cm以上；相對的，銀合歡更新幼苗在林分經藥劑處理前之平均高度為12.3 cm，密度為236,000株／ha，藥劑處理後13個月，幼苗平均高度為15.0 cm，幼苗密度降低至43,000/ha。上述結果顯示，適量的嘉塞磷單一藥劑處理可有效致死銀合歡；適當之原生樹苗林下栽植及天然更新苗保留作業方式，加上簡易之植栽週邊除草，可抑制銀合歡更新幼苗生長，至於是否能達成林相復舊之目的，有待進一步觀察。

關鍵字

銀合歡 ； 除草劑

並列摘要

Leucaena was introduced to Taiwan by Dutchmen in sixteen century. It is one of the notorious invasive tree species in Taiwan. This study evaluated effects of herbicide injection treatments on Leucaena control and techniques of forest restoration. The effect of glyphosate stem injection on Leucaena control was greater than that of glyphosate and triclopyr combination treatment. After injecting 1 and 1.5 ml glyphosate to the Leucaena stems per cm of dbh, 67% and 100% of the Leucaena died respectively.
The Leucaena-dominated forest was restored by planting native tree seedlings and conserving native tree seedlings/saplings. Of planted seedlings and conserved seedlings/saplings, 51.6% and 60.7% survived respectively. Thirteen months later, the seedling heights of Ficus septica, Mallotus repandus, Maacaranga tanarius, Melanolepis multiglandulosa, and Broussonetia kaempferi, and those of Hibiscus tiliaceus, Acacia confuse, and Mellettia pinnata increased more than 130 cm and 50 cm, respectively. The densities of the planted seedlings and conserved seedlings/saplings were 1610 and 680 per hectare, respectively. On the other hand, the density of Leucaena seedlings significantly decreased; and the height of Leucaena stayed steadily during the 13 months.
Based on the results, a certain amount of glyphosate injection may effectively kill the Leucaena. Planting and conserving native tree seedling/sapling may suppress the growth of Leucaena seedlings. However, we need more investigation to confirm the restoration of Leucaena-dominated forest to the native species dominated forest.

並列關鍵字

Leucaena ； herbicides