銀膠菊（Parthenium hysterophorus L.）5.8S rRNA-ITS基因序列之分析

5.8S rRNA-ITS Sequences Analysis of Parthenium hysterophorus L. from Different Habitats

袁秋英(Chiou-Ing Yuan) ； 賴鍵賢(Chen-Shen Lai) ； 蔣慕琰(Mou-Yen Chiang) ； 謝玉貞(Yu-Chen Hsieh)

《中華民國雜草學會會刊》 33卷2期 (2012/12) Pp. 91-104

https://doi.org/10.6274/WSSROC-2012-033(2)-091

摘要

外來植物的入侵及歸化，常造成棲地生物多樣性之失衡，也可能影響人畜的健康，或關聯於進出口農產品貿易及國際利益等因素。因此，如何建立正確、快速及靈敏的檢測方法，為杜防有害外來植物入侵的重要植物防檢疫工作。銀膠菊（Parthenium hysterophorus L.）為菊科1年生草本有毒植物，原生於美洲熱帶及亞熱帶地區，現已成為臺灣中、南部地區及金門縣的重要入侵雜草。分子標誌己普遍運用於植物種類之鑑別，本研究針對不同地區銀膠菊的5.8S rRNA-ITS核酸序列，進行其遺傳特性分析。所有銀膠菊樣品的5.8S RNA-ITS 長度為649 bp（僅屏東縣潮州鄉樣品於IST1序列有6個鹼基缺失），其中5.8S rRNA、ITS1及ITS2分別為164、261及224 bp，各樣品間相同度（identity）大於99.4%，序列中的保守位點有633 bp（97.5%），變異位點共有16個（2.5%），其中4個為信息位點（0.62%）。除屏東縣潮州鄉樣品（PT－CJ3）缺失6個鹼基（第215－221鹼基），造成其二級結構形態明顯改變外，所有銀膠菊ITS2部份二級結構皆相同。經系統發育分析，可將銀膠菊區別為2群，一群為以屏東縣及彰化縣為主的銀膠菊，另一群為金門縣的銀膠菊。可能由於銀膠菊為4倍體植物，銀膠菊於5.8S rRNA-ITS序列鹼基缺失或置換之多樣性、二級結構之變異，以及臺灣中南部與離島金門縣樣品分群之差異，顯示銀膠菊遺傳質仍處於致同進化（concerted evolution）不完全之狀態。

關鍵字

銀膠菊 ； 外來入侵植物 ； 5.8S 核糖體核酸 ； 轉錄區間

並列摘要

Invasion by alien species represents one of the greatest biological threats to biodiversity, second only to habitat destruction. In addition to affecting ecosystems and contributing to the extinction of native species, invasive alien species also cause major socio-economic damage and may affect human and animal health. Parthenium hysterophorus L., an annual compositae plant native to tropical and subtropical America, has become a naturalized plant in Kinmen county, middle and southern areas of Taiwan in recent decades. DNA-based molecular markers have been used to detect the genetic diversity of invaded alien species. In this study, we used 5.8S rRNA-ITS sequence markers to investigate the genetic characterization of 27 invading populations of P. hydterophorus and to examine genetic relationship of Kinmen, Changhua and Pingtung populations. The ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2 regions of P. hydterophorus were 649 bp, and showed above 99.4% identity between 26 samples. The proportion of variable sites is 2.5% and the proportion of parsimony information site is 0.62%. This 5.8S rRNA-ITS sequence diversity patterns, secondary structure and phylogenetic analysis suggested that Kinmen population is clearly separated from most other middle and southern populations. We conclude the diversity 5.8S rRNA-ITS genotype among 26 samples, indicated that concerted evolution may still occur in this tatraploid of P. hydterophorus populations.

並列關鍵字

Parthenium hysterophorus L. ； invasion plant ； 5.8S rRNA ； Internal transcribed spacer (ITS)