伴隨寒潮爆發之冷鋒過境高雄國際機場之鋒面合成結構分析

On the Composite Frontal Structure at Kaohsiung International Airport during the Cold Front Passage Associated with Winter Cold Air Outbreaks

陳泰然(George Tai-Jen Chen) ； 林銓(Getner Lin)

《大氣科學》 9卷1期 (1982/05) Pp. 33-41

摘要

本文選取1969－1977年12－2月17個伴隨冷鋒過境之寒潮個案，利用高雄小港機場地面逐時觀測，以分析冷鋒過境前後之空間與時間合成中幅度結構。結果發現溫度、露點與氣壓在冷鋒過境前後有顯著變化，鋒前3－4個緯度之風速（特別是北風分量）驟增為鋒面過境之前兆。霧、霾發生機率在鋒面過境前後變化不大且幾皆較台北機率為高，能見度亦然且較台北為小，顯示高雄有較台北為高之空氣污染。此外，鋒面過境台北與高雄之氣象條件與天氣現象亦做比較。

並列摘要

Seventeen cases of cold air outbreaks accompanying cold front passage, as defined by the changes of minimum temperature, are chosen during the period of December-February, 1969-1977. Data employed include surface observations at Kaohsiung International Airport and weather maps of Chinese Central Weather Bureau, Chinese Civil Aeronautics Administration and Japan Meteorological Agency. Data of these 17 cases are composited at various distances with respect to the moving cold front and are also composited at various times with respect to the time of frontal passage to reveal the mesoscale structure. Results show that there are significant differences ahead and behind the front for temperature, dew point and pressure. The sudden increase of wind speed, especially the northerly wind component, at 3-4° latitude ahead of front presignifies the approaching of a cold front. The higher probability of fog and haze occurrence and lower visibility as compared to those at Taipei both ahead and behind the front Indicate the higher air pollutant concentration at Kaohsiung. Also, comparison of the meteorological conditions and weather phenomena are made at Taipei Airport and Kaohsiung International Airport wring the cold front passage associated with winter cold air outbreaks.