通、江兩攝的方言接觸與元音重配－以《經典釋文》反切注音爲主

Dialect Contact and Vowel Redistribution in the Tong and Jiang Rhyme Groups: Based on Fanqie in the Annotations of the Chinese Classics

李正芬(Jeng-Fen Li)

《漢學研究》 29卷3期 (2011/09) Pp. 29-54

摘要

本文藉由《經典釋文》收錄的兩晉及南朝注家反切，及其前後斯語音材料，並結合現代漢語方言類型，觀察通、江兩攝韻字，從上古至南朝時期，因為方言接觸，而導致元音重配的歷史音變過程。在東晉初期，通、江兩攝經過一段南北方音接觸導致元音混亂的過程，使得歷來有關南朝初期之詩韻研究，皆無法清楚劃分通、江兩攝之界限。從《經典釋文》中不同朝代、地域之注音，並比較相關之語音材料，可知此時兩攝各韻因為方言接觸而具有不同的元音層次，但仍具有穩定的核心讀音[uŋ]、[oŋ]，才能在混亂之中，經過一段元音重配的時期，使韻字逐漸歸類，在進入南朝後期時，發展出穩定的四韻三類的書音系統。

關鍵字

經典釋文 ； 中古音 ； 語音演變 ； 元音重配 ； 方言

並列摘要

This thesis examines the Tong 通 and Jiang 江 rhyme groups using the fanqie反切 annotations made during the Western Jin, Eastern Jin, and Southern Dynasties, and collected in the Annotations of the Chinese Classics 經典釋文, together with language materials from before and after this period. Contact with local dialects from remote antiquity to the Southern Dynasties period resulted in an historical process of vowel redistribution.In the early Eastern Jin, the Tong and Jiang rhyme groups experienced a period when northern and southern pronunciations came into contact, resulting in a chaotic redistribution of vowels. Examining the phonetic annotations from different periods and regions and comparing related materials, a new stratum of vowels can be observed in the rhymes at that time resulting from the contact of the two groups. However there still existed a core of stable literary pronunciations such as [uŋ] or [oŋ], which after this chaotic period gradually enabled rhymes to be categorized, and, by the late Southern Dynasties, a stable four-rhyme and three-category system of literary readings to be developed.

並列關鍵字

Annotations of the Chinese Classics Middle Chinese經典釋文 ； language change ； vowel redistribution ； dialect

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