納詩入志－范成大《吳郡志》運用詩歌材料的新創與特色

范成大為南宋四大家之一，不僅是詩歌史上的重要人物，晚年著作的《吳郡志》也是方志史上的重要著作。本文探討過去在方志史研究較少論及的問題：詩歌材料與方志書寫之間的關係，即是討論范成大如何運用詩歌材料形塑地景的問題。本文首先説明《吳郡志》引詩體例的新變，接著以「地景」與「土物」為例，指出《吳郡志》運用詩歌材料主要有取捨、排列、調整敘述側重面等方式。本文強調，所謂納詩入志並非僅僅在羅列詩歌材料，而是需要兼備精確理解詩意，以及熟悉地志書寫兩個方面。也可以説，《吳郡志》的納詩入志前所未見的將地方刻畫得更加豐富、細緻。

關鍵字

范成大；《吳郡志》；納詩入志；方志

並列摘要

Within the history of Chinese literature, Fan Chengda 范成大 (1126-1193) is one of the four great poets of the Southern Song dynasty; furthermore, his Wujun zhi 吳郡志, which was completed during the later period of his life, is also an important work for studies on local histories. This article concerns a seldom discussed question within related scholarship: what is the relation between poetry and writing local history? In other words, as Fan Chengda authored Wujun zhi, how did he arrange poems to formulate landscapes and convey the feeling of local history? This article is comprised of two main parts: (1) it illustrates the kind of innovative methods and new changes that Wujun zhi utilized to arrange poetry; (2) using descriptions of ＂landscapes＂ and ＂local objects of Wujun＂ as examples, this article elucidates that Fan Chengda employed four ways of arranging poems to write local history: choosing, exclusion, sequencing, and adjusting the focus of narrative. Therefore, the so-called of poems into local histories was not merely the listing of poetry in local history, but also demonstrates Fan Chengda deeply understood the meaning of the poems and the aspects of writing local history. In short, through its remarkable use of poetry, Wujun zhi shows a clearer and more vivid picture of local history, which has never been seen before.