亞太地區林業與紙業公司生產效率及生產力變動之評估－資料包絡分析法之應用

Evaluation on the Efficiency and Productivity of Forest and Paper Industry in Asia-Pacific Region-Application of the DEA Method

蔡佺廷(Chuan-Ting Tsai) ； 李俊彥(Jun-Yen Lee) ； 楊永列(Yung-Lueh Yang)

《林產工業》 22卷3期 (2003/09) Pp. 167-179

摘要

亞太地區紙品產量和消費量的成長速度，近年來都高於其它各洲，也高於世界平均值。然而為了面對全球各大洲紙業公司的競爭壓力，則有必要瞭解業者的經營績效。本研究利用「全球林業與紙業」的縱橫資料，以資料包絡分析法及Malmquist生產力變動指數，衡量1998～2001年亞太地區紙業公司之生產效率及生產力變動情形。結果發現亞太地區紙業公司之生產效率尚有22.45%之提昇空問。於此四年中只有Unit 2具生產效率，甚至有二家公司（Unit 10、11）之生產效率值低於平均水準，且屬規模報酬遞減，其生產無效率主要係由規模無效率及純粹技術無效率所致。就總要素生產力變動而論，1998～2000年亞太地區之生產力為正成長，但2000～2001年則呈現負成長，造成這種現象乃歸因於技術退化。

關鍵字

紙業 ； 資料包絡分析法 ； 生產效率 ； 總要素生產力 ； Malmquist生產力變動指數

並列摘要

The growth rates of production and consumption of paper products in Asia-Pacific are higher than other continents for years, and also higher than the world average. Facing the competitive pressure from all over the world, it is necessary to understand the owners' business performance. This study employed the panel data of ＂Global Forest and Paper Industry＂, using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Productivity Change Index to measure the production efficiency and productivity change from 1998 to 2001 in Asia-Pacific's paper industry. The results showed that it still had 22.45% improving space of production efficiency in Asia-Pacific's paper industry. During these four years, only unit 2 had the good production efficiency, however there were two companies' (unit 10 and II ) production efficiency lower than the average, and had decreasing return to scale, it was mainly due to inefficiency of scale and technical aspects. As total factor productivity change was concerned, it has positive growth rate form 1998 to 2000 in Asia-Pacific, but it had negative growth rate during the period of 2000 to 2001. And it was due to the technical regress.

並列關鍵字

Paper industry ； Data envelopment analysis ； Efficiency ； Total factor productivity ； Malmquist productivity change index