- 期刊
混煉型木材塑膠複合材料之製造方法對其力學性質之影響
Effects of Manufacturing Processes on the Mechanical Properties of Wood Plastic Composites
摘要
本報告探討混煉程序，成形條件對混煉型木材塑膠複合材料（Wood polymer composites, WPCs）之強度與動態機械性質之影響。WPCs之基材為聚丙烯（Polypropylene），纖維為木粉（Spruce-Pine-Fir, SPF），添加劑包含馬來酸酐聚丙烯（Maleated polypropylene, MAPP）與硬脂酸鋅（Zinc stearate）；成形方式包含：射出成形、押出成形與熱壓成形。試驗結果可歸納於次：混煉程序方面，先將馬來酸酐聚丙烯與木粉或聚丙烯混合，均較木粉／聚丙烯／馬來酸酐聚丙烯三者同時混煉之WPCs，具有顯著較好的抗拉強度或抗彎強度。成形製程方面，射出成形所製出的試片，較押出成形與熱壓成形具有更好的抗拉強度與抗彎強度，可由掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察基材包覆性加以佐證。成形溫度方面，無論是在射出成形或熱壓成形，170℃與180℃所成形的試片，其抗拉強度與抗彎強度無顯著差異。WPCs動態性質顯示，在一般溫度使用時，射出成形的試片具有較高的儲存模數與較低的相角差。
並列摘要
This study focused on the effects of the manufacturing process on the static and dynamic mechanical properties of wood polymer composites (WPCs). In this study, the hybrid composites were made from the combination of polypropylene as polymer matrix, wood flour (Spruce-Pine-Fir, SPF) as natural fiber, maleated polypropylene (MAPP) as coupling agent and zinc stearate as lubricant, by using injection molding, extrusion and hot press process. The experimental results were summarized as follows: 1. Compounding is the first stage of manufacturing process. The samples which blended maleated polypropylene with polypropylene or blended maleated polypropylene with wood flour at first were provided with better tension strength or flexural strength than those samples which mixed maleated polypropylene, polypropylene and wood flour at the same time. 2. Forming processes are the second stage of manufacture. Injection molding, extrusion and hot press process are the major forming processes in WPCs industry. The WPCs made by injection molding showed greater tensile strength and flexural strength than those WPCs made by extrusion and hot press process. Through observation by SEM, we found the higher mechanical properties of WPCs might cause by its better melting conditions. 3. Temperature is one of crucial factors of manufacturing process. There was no remarkable difference between the tensile strength and flexural strength of samples formed at 170℃ and 180℃. 4. Under room temperature, the storage modulus (E') and tan δ of WPCs made by injection molding were better than those WPCs made by hot press process and extrusion, respectively.
延伸閱讀
- 吳東霖、王贊鈞、李家皇、陳合進、陳載永、吳志鴻（2008）。製程條件對木質粒片－塑膠複合材機械性質之影響。林產工業，27(1)，13-23。https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.2008.27(1).2
- 陳載永（1984）。木材原料處理對其粒片板性質之影響。林產工業，3(1)，11-31。https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.1984.3(1).2
- 劉正字、李文昭、夏以淳（2000）。木材之化學改質及其膠合性之研究（III）－乙醯化處理對木材尺寸安定性及力學性質之影響。林產工業，19(2)，229-239。https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.2000.19(2).8
- 劉正字、李文昭、林福元（1998）。木材之化學改質及其膠合性之研究（Ⅰ）－醚化處理對木材尺寸安定性及力學性質之影響。林產工業，17(2)，305-320。https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.1998.17(2).5
- 李佳盈（2010）。Mechanical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites Under Environment Aging Effects〔碩士論文，國立清華大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0016-0211201015592741