台灣與日本產柳杉木醋液之製造與組成分分析

The Manufacture and Components Analysis of Wood Vinegar Prepared from Taiwanese and Japanese Cryptomeria japonica

莊純琍(Chun-Li Chung) ； 盧崑宗(Kun-Tsung Lu)

《林產工業》 34卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 191-202

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.2015.34(4).4

摘要

本研究將台灣產與日本產柳杉（Cryptomeria japonica）以機械窯依升溫速率100°C/h，加熱至500°C，並持溫1 h製造粗木醋液，再將粗木醋液靜置6個月（台灣產柳杉）與3個月（日本產柳杉）所得之木醋液，以乙醚、碳酸氫鈉溶液、硫酸溶液及氫氧化鈉溶液等藥劑，以分配法（Partition method）將木醋液有機成分分離成酸性、酚性及中性物質，除分析其基本性質並以GC-MS鑑定其有機成分。結果顯示，台灣產與日本產柳杉木醋液之含水率介於85.0-88.4%，Gardner色值約11.0，比重介於1.0320-1.0369，pH值約2.4，有機酸含量介於4.66-5.28%，溶解焦油含量則介於2.72-3.00%。台灣產與日本產柳杉木醋液各分離部，均以酚性物質含量最高，酸性物質次之，而以中性物質最少。台灣產與日本產柳杉木醋液的有機成分又以醋酸含量最多；酸性物質中均以醋酸含量最高，丙酸及丁酸次之；酚性物質均以酚含量最高，其他尚有2-甲氧基酚、3-甲基酚等；中性物質之主要成分為呋喃類及環戊烯酮類衍生物，其中台灣產者以2-甲氧基四氫呋喃（2-Methoxytetrahydrofuran）與2-甲基-2-環戊烯-1-酮（2-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one）為主，日本產者則以2-呋喃甲醇（2-Furanmethanol）與糠醛（Furfural）為主。

關鍵字

柳杉 ； 木醋液 ； 機械窯 ； 分配法

並列摘要

In this study, the crude wood vinegars were prepared from Taiwanese and Japanese Cryptomeria japonica, respectively, by using steel kiln heated to 500°C under the heating rate of 100°C /h and holding time of 1 h. The wood vinegars were obtained by the crude wood vinegar standing for 6 months for Taiwanese C. japonica product and for 3 months for Japanese C. japonica product. And then the acidic, phenolic and neutral fractions of organic compounds of wood vinegars were obtained by partition method using ether, NaHCO_(3(aq)), H_2SO_(4(aq)) and NaOH_((aq)) as a chemical agent. The fundamental properties of wood vinegars and organic ingredients of acidic compounds, phenolic compounds and neutral compounds were examined. The experimental results indicated that the wood vinegars from Taiwanese and Japanese C. japonica had moisture content of 85.0-88.4%, gardner color value of 11.0, specific gravity of 1.0320-1.0369, pH of 2.4, organic acid content of 4.66-5.28% and soluble tar content of 2.72-3.00%. The results also showed that the phenolic fraction was the highest content of ether-extracted wood vinegars, followed by the acidic fraction and the neutral fraction was the least amounts for wood vinegar prepared from Taiwanese and Japanese C. japonica. The main organic compound of both wood vinegars was acetic acid. In addition, the main compound in acidic fractions was acetic acid, followed by propanoic acid and butanoic acid; in phenolic fraction was phenol, followed by 2-methoxy-phenol and 3-methy-lphenol; in the neutral fractions the main neutral fractions were furfural and cyclopentenone derivatives for both wood vinegars, while 2-methoxytetrahydrofuran and 2-methyl- 2-cyclopenten-1-one were the main ones for wood vinegar prepared from Taiwanese C. japonica. and 2-furanmethanol and furfural were the major compounds for wood vinegar prepared from Japanese C. japonica..

並列關鍵字

Cryptomeria japonica ； Wood vinegars ； Steel kiln ； Partition method