- 期刊
以亞麻仁油為基質水性胺酯化油木材塗料之特性
The Characteristics of Linseed Oil-based Waterborne Urethane Oil Wood Coatings
摘要
本研究將亞麻仁油（Linseed oil, LO）與甘油（Glycerol, GL）在莫耳比1.0下行酯交換反應，得到具羥基之亞麻仁油甘油酯（Linseed oil glyceride, LOG）。接著以丙酮法（Acetone process）將二羥甲基丙酸（Dimethylolpropionic acid, DMPA）分別與六亞甲基二異氰酸酯（Hexamethylene diisocyanate, HDI）及異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯（Isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI）反應，再依不同NCO／OH莫耳比（0.7、0.8及0.9）添加LOG，並以三乙胺（Triethylamine, TEA）作為中和劑，得到之水性胺酯化油（Waterborne urethane oil, WUO），再添加金屬乾燥劑成為WUO木材塗料，探討不同異氰酸酯與NCO／OH莫耳比對於WUO塗料及塗膜性質之影響。試驗結果得知，各種WUO塗料之可使用時間及乾燥時間均隨NCO／OH莫耳比增加而縮短。WUO塗膜之硬度、耐磨性、質量保留率與Tg皆隨NCO／OH莫耳比增加而提高；其中，以HDI合成之塗膜較軟韌，耐磨性、抗彎曲性、耐衝擊性、質量保留率及熱穩定性均優異，但其塗膜硬度與玻璃轉移點（Glass transition temperature, Tg）較低；而以IPDI合成之塗膜較剛硬，具高硬度與Tg，但塗膜抗彎曲性不佳。又各種WUO塗膜均具優良附著性、耐久性及耐光性。綜合試驗結果，以HDI-0.9（以HDI依NCO／OH莫耳比0.9所合成之WUO）與IPDI-0.9（以IPDI依NCO／OH莫耳比0.9所合成之WUO）於塗料及塗膜性質間具有最均衡的性質，最適合做為髹油塗裝木材塗料。
並列摘要
In this study, the linseed oil glyceride (LOG) was synthesized by using a transesterification process with glycerol (GL) and linseed oil (LO) at a molar ratio of 1.0 (GL/LO). The waterborne urethane oil (WUO) was prepared by acetone process; using dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) reacted with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) or isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), followed by adding LOG at various NCO/OH molars of 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9, and trimethylamine as a neutralized agent. The WUO was as a used wood coating by adding metal dryer. The effects of different isocyantes and NCO/OH molar ratios on the coating and film properties were evaluated. The experimental results showed that the pot-life and curing time of all WUO coatings shortened with increasing the NCO/OH molar ratios. The hardness, abrasion resistance, mass retention and glass transition temperature (Tg) increased with increasing the NCO/OH molar ratios. In which, the WUO films synthesizing with HDI were soft and tough and possessed superior abrasion resistance, bending resistance, impact resistance, mass retention and heat stability, but lower in hardness and Tg. However, the WUO films synthesizing with IPDI were rigid, and possessed higher hardness and Tg, while the poor bending resistance was detected. In addition, all of WUO films had an excellent adhesion, durability and lightfastness. To summarize the results, the HDI-0.9 (WUO synthesized by HDI with NCO/OH molar ratio of 0.9) and IPDI-0.9 (WUO synthesized by IPDI with NCO/OH molar ratio of 0.9) have balance properties between coating and film of WUO, and suit for as an oil finishing wood coating.
延伸閱讀
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