摻合矽／鈦氧烷化合物對縮短生漆乾燥時間及增進塗膜性能之影響

Effect of Blending Silicon/Titanium Alkoxides on Reducing Drying Time and Enhancing Film Performances of Raw Oriental Lacquer

蔡昇佑(Sheng-Yu Tsai) ； 盧崑宗(Kun-Tsung Lu)

《林產工業》 38卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 43-56

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.201903_38(1).0004

摘要

為縮短生漆（Raw oriental lacquer）乾燥時間並增進塗膜性質，同時解決生漆在低濕度環境下無法或乾燥緩慢的缺點，利用溶膠-凝膠反應（Sol-gel reaction），將生漆分別添加5wt%及10wt%之不同矽／鈦氧烷化合物，包括矽氧烷之N-（2-氨基乙基）-3-丙基三甲氧基矽烷（AATMS）、3-氨基丙基三乙氧基矽烷（APTES），鈦氧烷之二異丙氧基雙乙烯丙酮鈦（TIACA）及四異丙基鈦（TPT）等混合製成8 種摻合生漆，分析生漆及摻合生漆於25℃時，分別在高濕度（80%RH）與低濕度（50%RH）環境乾燥下，矽／鈦氧烷種類與添加量對摻合生漆之乾燥時間與塗膜性質之影響。試驗結果顯示，在高濕度（80%RH）環境下，添加AATMS及TPT可縮短生漆乾燥時間，而添加5wt%之AATMS及APTES可解決生漆於低濕度（50% RH）環境下乾燥緩慢之缺點。在塗膜性質方面，添加10 wt%之TPT摻合生漆具有最高之塗膜硬度、質量保留率、玻璃轉移溫度（Tg）及優異之耐光性，但其耐衝擊性、抗彎曲性及附著性則不佳；而添加10wt% TIACA之塗膜具有最佳耐磨性及耐衝擊性，但無法有效縮短生漆乾燥時間；添加矽氧烷AATMS及APTES者之塗膜性質則介於上述兩者之間。又添加矽／鈦氧烷對生漆乾燥性及塗膜物性之提升，以在高濕度環境（80%RH）乾燥者優於低濕度環境（50%RH）乾燥者，又所有生漆及摻合生漆之塗膜耐久性均極優良。整體而言，矽氧烷添加量為5wt%，鈦氧烷添加量為10wt%最能改善生漆之乾燥時間與增進塗膜物性。

關鍵字

摻合生漆 ； 生漆 ； 矽氧烷 ； 溶膠－凝膠反應 ； 鈦氧烷

並列摘要

For reducing the drying time and enhancing the film properties as well as solving slower or unable drying at a low humidity environment of the raw oriental lacquer (ROL), the silicon (Si) alkoxides such as N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane (AATMS) and 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTES), titanium (Ti) alkoxides including titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate (TIACA) and titanium tetraisopropanolate (TPT) were blended with raw oriental lacquer by weight of 5 and 10%, respectively by sol-gel reaction for preparing 8 kinds of blending ROL. The effects of the types, adding amounts of Si/Ti alkoxides and curing conditions of 25℃and high (80% RH) and low (50% RH) humidity, respectively on the drying time and films properties of blending ROL were examined. The results showed that the drying time of ROL could be reduced by blending with AATMS and TPT at a high humidity of 80%RH. Moreover, the shortcoming of slower drying of ROL could be solved by adding 5 wt% AATMS at a low humidity of 50%RH. The film of blending ROL with 10 wt% TPT had the highest hardness, mass retention, glass transition temperature (Tg) and excellent lightfastness, however, it had poor impact resistance, bending resistance and adhesion. On the other hand, the film of blending ROL with 10 wt% TIACA possessed superior abrasion resistance and impact resistance. However, the drying time of ROL could not be reduced efficiently by blending with TIACA. The film properties of blending ROL with silicon alkoxides of AATMS and APTES showed a moderate level between the blending ROL with TPT and with TIACA. The results also showed that the improving efficiency on drying ability and film properties of ROL by blending Si/Ti alkoxides in higher humidity of 80%RH was superior to that in lower humidity of 50%RH. In addition, all of ROL and blending ROL had an excellent durability of films. Generally speaking, the best addition for reducing drying time and enhancing film performances of ROL is 5 wt% for silicon alkoxides and 10 wt% for titanium (Ti) alkoxides.

並列關鍵字

Blending ROL ； Raw oriental lacquer (ROL) ； Silicon alkoxide ； Sol-gel reaction ； Titanium alkoxide