纖維結構對天然纖維FRP複合材料低速衝擊性能之影響

Effects of Fiber Structure on Low Velocity Impact Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite

張鈞瑋(Chun-Wei Chang) ； 張豐丞(Feng-Cheng Chang)

《林產工業》 38卷4期 (2019/12) Pp. 275-283

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.201912_38(4).0006

摘要

纖維加固樹脂（Fiber Reinforced Polymer, FRP）是目前最為主流且仍快速成長的一種複合材料。廣泛應用的領域有航空、運輸、汽車及國防產業。FRP由於其強度高、剛性高、密度低且可以精準的設計所需要的性能及方向性。在實木資源較難取得的時空背景下，竹纖維成為下個世代的重要材料。竹纖維FRP具有許多性能上、製程上以及環境上的效益。若要將這些不同面向的效益最大化，在實務面推動前述重點產業選用天然纖維FRP就十分重要。過去的試驗主要集中在靜態力學與基礎物性，部分重要的材料性能特徵如衝擊、疲勞與潛變等的缺乏是最為根本且必須先面對的問題。若要為生物纖維FRP創造發展空間或後端應用接軌，則發展衝擊相關的研究就有其必要性。本文首先簡介衝擊行為的基本模式、分類方式、測試原理與其重要參數，並聚焦於較為重要的低速衝擊（Low-velocity impact, LVI）。後以在台灣極具發展潛力的竹纖維為例，針對影響FRP衝擊性能最關鍵的因素做文獻的整理與討論。並分為短纖維、長纖維、連續纖維以及編織纖維四大類逐步闡述並歸納重要現象。旨在建立往後發展天然纖維FRP的衝擊理論模型時所需的基礎知識。

關鍵字

竹纖維加固樹脂 ； 連續纖維 ； 低速衝擊 ； 編織預成形體

並列摘要

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) is currently the most mainstream and still rapidly growing composite material. Widely used fields are aviation, transportation, automobile and defense industries. Due to its high strength, rigidity, low density, FRP can accurately design the required performance and directionality. In the background where solid wood resources are difficult to obtain, bamboo fiber becomes an important material for the next generation. Bamboo FRP has many benefits performance, process and environmental. To maximize the benefits of these different aspects, it is very important to promote the use of bamboo FRP in the aforementioned key industries in practice. Past research mainly focused on static mechanics and basic physical properties. The lack of some important material performance characteristics such as impact, fatigue and creep are the most fundamental and must be faced first. Developing applications for bamboo fiber FRP, research on impact properties are necessary. This article first introduces the basic modes, classification methods, testing principles and important parameters of impact behavior, and focuses on low-velocity impact. Continue to discuss on the most critical factors affecting the impact performance of FRP. It is divided into four categories: short fiber, long fiber, continuous fiber and woven fiber, to gradually explain and summarize important phenomena. Aims to establish the basic knowledge required for the future development of the impact theory model of bamboo fiber FRP.

並列關鍵字

Bamboo fiber reinforced polymer ； Continues fiber ； Low velocity impact ； Textile preform