三種農業廢料製備固態生質燃料炭磚之性質

本研究之目的旨在探討以國內常見之三種農業廢棄物（玉米穗軸、檳榔稈及椰殼纖維）為原料，經粉碎及分析相關性質後，次以金屬模具製備絕乾密度1.0 g/cm^3之磚狀，並進行其炭化過程製備炭磚，以了解炭化前與後之熱值及熱值改善效應，期能提供相關產業參考應用。可燃分以檳榔稈最高，椰殼纖維最低。平均5天之體積回彈率以玉米穗軸最高，椰殼纖維最低，且尺寸於第2天皆已達穩定狀態。隨著炭化溫度增加，試材炭收率降低；慢速升溫法得之炭收率稍高於快速升者。試材炭化後，其灰分值比未炭化前高，且隨炭化溫度增加，其灰分值亦隨之增加。三種原料試材之pH值偏酸性，炭化後，則呈鹼性。三種原料高熱值介於19～22 MJ/kg，依不同炭化條件處理後，熱值均比原試材有不同程度之提升，且熱值隨炭化溫度提升而提高。以慢速升溫為例，三者試材高熱值，以玉米穗軸（35.2 MJ/kg）＞椰殼纖維（33.7 MJ/kg）＞檳榔稈（31.4 MJ/kg）。惟玉米穗軸與椰殼纖維，及椰殼纖維與檳榔稈，兩兩相互間無顯著差異。低熱值則以玉米穗軸（31.5 MJ/kg）＞椰殼纖維（28.2 MJ/kg）＞檳榔稈（26.8 MJ/kg）。惟椰殼纖維與檳榔稈，相互間無顯著差異。炭化溫度與高熱值兩者間呈一次直線回歸之顯著正相關。綜合評估，三種農業廢棄物製造生質燃料可行性極高，且炭化後更可提升其熱值。

關鍵字

農業廢料；炭化；炭磚；熱值；固態廢棄物衍生燃料

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of three common agricultural wastes in Taiwan (corn cob, betel stalk and coir fiber)as raw materials, after crushing and analyzing the relevant properties, and then press to prepare briquettes using metal die with an oven- dried density of 1.0 g/cm^3 and then the charcoalization process was carried out to prepare charcoalized briquettes, in order to understand the heating value and their improvement effect before and after charcoalization and expected to provide relevant industrial reference applications. The volatile combustible matters (VCM)of betel stalk is the highest, and the coir fiber is the lowest. The average 5-day volume springback rate was the highest in corn cob, and the lowest in coir fibers, and the size reached a stable state on the second day. As the charcoalization temperature increases, the charcoal yield of the specimen decreases; the charcoal yield obtained by the slow heating method is slightly higher than that obtained by the rapid heating method. After charcoalization of the specimens, its ash value is higher than that before charcoalization, and with the increase of charcoalization temperature, its ash value also increases. The pH value of the three raw materials is acidic, and after charcoalization, it is alkaline. The high heating value of the three raw materials is between 19 and 22 MJ/kg. After treatment according to different charcoalization conditions, the heating value is improved to different degrees compared with the control group, and the heating value increase with increasing of charcoalization temperature. For the slow temperature rise, the HHV of the three specimens is in the order of corn cob (35.2 MJ/kg)＞ coir fiber (33.7 MJ/kg)＞ betel stalk (31.4 MJ/kg). However, there was no significant difference between corn cob and coir fiber, and coir and betel stalk. For low heating value(LHV), corn cob (31.5 MJ/kg)＞ coir fiber (28.2 MJ/kg)＞ betel stalk (26.8 MJ/kg). There was no significant difference between coir fiber and betel stalk. There is a significant positive correlation between charcoalization temperature and HHV by linear regression. In conclusions, that the three types of agricultural wastes are highly feasible to produce biomass solid fuel briquettes, and their heating value can be increased after charcoalization.

並列關鍵字

Agriculture residues ； Charcoalization ； Charcoalized briquette ； Heating value ； RDF-5(Densified refuse derived fuel) ； Solid biofuels

主題瀏覽