不同溫度對青剛櫟接種兩種塊菌在菌根形成與苗木生長之影響

Effects of Different Temperature on the Mycorrhiza Formation and Growth of Two Truffle Species Synthesized with Cyclobalanopsis glauca (Qerst.) Seedlings

胡弘道(Hung-Tao Hu) ； 黃鏡諺(Jing-Yang Huang) ； 沈偉強(Wei-Chiang Shen) ； 林虔隆(Chien-Lung Lin)

《國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告》 21卷1期 (2007/03) Pp. 65-77

https://doi.org/10.6542/EFNTU.200703_21(1).0005

摘要

本研究之目的為確定青剛櫟(Cyclobalanopsis glauca)接種台灣塊菌(Tuber formosanum)、夏塊菌(Tuber aestivum)後，溫度對於兩種塊菌菌根形成以及苗木生長之影響。由此試驗結果得知，若以立體顯微鏡觀察菌根，在不同溫度下生長的台灣塊菌、夏塊菌菌根，外部形態並無明顯之差異；然以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察菌根，則可發現在較高溫度組合(35/30℃、30/25℃)中生長的菌根，其菌毯厚度較薄，結構較為鬆散，且其皮層細胞內，有較明顯的孢內菌絲，澱粉粒累積出現之頻率亦較高。菌根感染率在25/20℃的溫度組中最高，此一溫度組最適合菌根之生長與化育；但在苗木苗高、根頸與葉部大量養分元素方面，不管苗木有無接種，皆以35/30℃之溫度組為最高，這顯示高溫組合(35/30℃)對苗木之生長與養分元素吸收有利，但對菌根形成是不利的。

關鍵字

青剛櫟 ； 台灣塊菌 ； 夏塊菌 ； 溫度 ； 菌根 ； 養分元素

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to confirm the effects of temperature on the mycorrhizae formation and growth of Tuber formosanun and T. aestivum synthesized with Cyclobalanopsis glauca seedlings. Difference of the mycorrhizae characteristics observed by stereomicroscopic was insignificant during the exposure of the T. formosanum and T. aestivum mycorrhizae under a range of temperature variations. However, the mycorrhizae characteristics observed by scanning electron microscope revealed different structures. At 35/30℃ and 30/25℃, the thinner mycorrhizal mantle and looser mycorrhiza structure were observed; and the cortex cells exhibited clearer inner hyphae. In addition, the grain material appeared more frequently. We also observed highest mycorrhizal infection at 25/20℃. The above temperature was apparently the optimal for mycorrhizae growth and development. For both experimental and control group, the growth of seedlings and leave macro-nutrient elements were highest at 35/30℃. The results indicated that plants grown faster at high temperature (35/30℃)with higher nutrient contents. In contrast, higher temperature had a negative effect on mycorrhizae development.

並列關鍵字

Cyclobalanopsis glauca ； temperature ； Tuber formosanum ； Tuber aestivum ； mycorrhiza ； Macro-nutrient elements