香桂葉子精油及其成分之抗病媒蚊幼蟲活性

Mosquito Larvicidal Mortality Activities of Leaf Essential Oil and Its Compounds from Cinnamomum subavenium

劉怡秀(Yi-Shiou Liu) ； 林群雅(Chun-Ya Lin) ； 張銀珏(Yin-Jue Chang) ； 鄭森松(Sen-Sung Cheng) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang)

《國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告》 30卷1期 (2016/03) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.6542/EFNTU.2016.30(1).1

摘要

香桂(Cinnamomum subavenium Miq.)葉子精油組成分相當多樣，本研究會析3株香桂葉子精油成分，並評估3株香桂葉子精油抑制埃及斑蚊(Aedes aegypti)和白線斑蚊(A. albopiclus)二種幼蟲的致死功效。結果顯示3株香桂葉子精油皆以p- Cymene(對異丙基甲苯)為主要成分，香桂A和香桂B葉子精油之次要成份為Linalool、1,8- Cineole及Caryophyllene oxide；香桂C葉子精油之次要成分為α-Phellandrene、Eugenol及Caryophyllene oxide。另外，亦評估3株香桂葉子精油及其主成分抗病媒蚊的蟲活性，其中，以香桂C葉子精油之效果最佳，試驗24hr後，對埃及斑蚊和白線斑蚊幼蟲之半數致死濃度分別為190.5μg/mL及169.3μg/mL，而主要活性成分則是p-Cymen及α-PheJlandrene，兩者對埃及斑蚊和白線斑蚊幼蟲之半數致死濃度分別為62.0μg/mL和67.7μg/mL及97.4μg/mL和65.4μg/mL。綜合試驗結果顯示，香桂C葉子精油本身以及精油成分p-Cymene和α-Phellandrene均很有潛力成為做為天然的殺蟲子幼蟲藥劑。

關鍵字

抗病媒蚊幼蟲活性 ； 香桂 ； 精油 ； 葉子 ； 對異丙基甲苯

並列摘要

Components of leaf essential oils from Fragrant Cinnamon (Cinnamomum subavenium Miq.) are variable. This paper evaluated the chemical com positions and the mosquito larvicidal mortality activity of three leaf essential oils from C. subaνenium (trees A, B and C) against two mosquito species, Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus. Results showed that the major compound is p-cymene in all three C. subavenium geographical provenances, minor compounds are linalool, 1, 8-cineole and caryophyllene oxide in trees A and B and α- phellandrene, eugenol and caryophyllene oxide in tree C. Meanwhile, the anti-mosquito 4^(th) instar larva abilities of these 3 essential oils and their major components were investigated. C. subavenium leaf essential oil (Tree C) has the best activity among the 3 essential oils, its median lethal concentration (LC_(50)) value against A. aegypti and A. albopictus 4^(th) instar larvae after 24 hr were 190.5 μg/mL and 169.3 μg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, it also showed that the effective constituent in leaf essential oil were p-cymene and α- phellandrene, their LC_(50) values against A. aegypti and A. albopictus 4^(th) instar larvae after 24 hr were 62.0 μg/mL, 67.7 μg/mL and 97.4 μg/mL, 65.4 μ g/mL, respectively. These results clearly showed that C. subavenium leaf essential oil (Tree C) and p-cymene, α- phellandrene are of great potential to be used as natural insecticidal agents for mosquito control.

並列關鍵字

Anti-mosquito larva activity ； Cinnamomum subavenium ； Essential oil ； Leaf ； p-Cymene