伽羅木醇型土肉桂生理變異對葉子精油成分含量之影響

Effects of Physiological Variations on Chemical Composition of Leaf Essential Oil from Cinnamomum osmophloeum ct. linalool

張廷光(Ting-Kuang Chang) ； 林群雅(Chun-Ya Lin) ； 葉汀峰(Ting-Feng Yeh) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang)

《國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告》 34卷4期 (2020/12) Pp. 331-348

https://doi.org/10.6542/EFNTU.202012_34(4).0004

摘要

伽羅木醇型土肉桂（Cinnamomum osmophloeum ct. linalool）為臺灣原生土肉桂中的一種化學品系。本研究旨在探討水蒸餾法萃取葉子精油之最適條件，並用以評估繁殖方式、單株差異及季節變化3種生理變異因子對葉子精油成分含量之影響，以瞭解伽羅木醇型土肉桂最佳栽培條件及採收時期。萃取試驗結果證實，水蒸餾法萃取葉子精油最適條件是添加乙醚於Clevenger裝置萃取30 min；接著，應用此方法萃取葉子精油，再以GC-MS分析其化學組成及S-(+)-Linalool的含量。GC-MS分析結果顯示，扦插、嫁接、種子及組織培養等4種方式繁殖植株之中， 扦插及嫁接繁殖葉子的S-(+)-Linalool含量及其精油收率最高；此外，單株差異對嫁接繁殖植株葉子的精油成分含量並無顯著影響；季節變化分析結果顯示， 季節變化對葉子S-(+)-Linalool含量的影響相當低， 四季採收葉子的精油收率高（≥ 2.9%）且皆含有大量S-(+)-Linalool（≥ 27.0 mg/g leaf）。綜合上述結果得知，嫁接繁殖之伽羅木醇型土肉桂葉子可全年採收，不僅極具商用開發價值，亦是供應S-(+)-Linalool之優良來源。

關鍵字

萃取條件 ； 單株差異 ； 繁殖方式 ； 季節變化 ； S-(+)-伽羅木醇

並列摘要

Cinnamomum osmophloeum ct. linalool is one chemotype of the indigenous cinnamon in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal method of hydrodistillation for extracting the leaf essential oil (LEO). To obtain the most appropriate harvesting season and propagation method of C. osmophloeum ct. linalool, the effects of three physiological factors (propagation method, individual variation, and seasonal variation) on the chemical composition of the LEO were also examined. The optimal condition for hydrodistillation was diethyl ether addition in the Clevenger apparatus with 30-min extraction. The chemical composition and the S-(+)-linalool content of the LEO were analyzed by GC-MS. Results indicated that yields of LEOs and S-(+)-linalool content in cutting and grafting plants were higher than those obtained from seeding and tissue culture plants. Moreover, it was found that individual variation did not significantly affect the chemical composition and S-(+)-linalool content in the LEO of grafting plants. The seasonal variation of S-(+)-linalool in the leaf observed was minimal. Leaves collected in four seasons all had a high yield of LEO (≥ 2.9%) and a large quantity of S-(+)-linalool (≥ 27.0 mg/g leaf). Taken together, these results showed that the leaf of grafted C. osmophloeum ct. linalool could be harvested all year round. Therefore, it not only has a high commercial value but also can be an excellent source of S-(+)-linalool.

並列關鍵字

Extraction condition ； Individual variation ； Propagation method ； Seasonal variation ； S-(+)-Linalool