本文係利用地理資訊系統方法探討山坡地網格分佈型降雨與漫地流之關係,其主要架構是利用地理資訊系統之軟體ACR/INEO及遙測影像分析之軟體ERDAS之功能,將試區各項資科如地形(DTM)、地表覆蓋、土壤種類等特性,予以網格化。網格之基本單元面積為40 m × 40 m,其可依集水區之地文特性,模擬出試區山坡地之流路系統。漫地流演算所需之參數,如降雨分佈、入滲損失等,可由相關之模式予以計算。逕流分析則以運動波水文之洪水演算模式為主,將試區劃分為數百個網格基本單元,依網格流路系統計算出試區內任一網格單元不同時間之漫地流流量歷線。
This research uses spatially-based kinematic-wave model to simulate overland rainfall-runoff relationship based on GIS data base. It first used remote sensing pattern recognition method to identify the land use characteristics of the study area. Also, a GIS computer software ACR/INFO was used to convert DEM data and to digitize the required thematic map and thus build up the geographic data base which contains landuse, topographic features, soil types,-etc. Finally, this data base was used to find the hydrologic parameters for spatially-based kinematic-wave overland hydrologic modeling to simulate direct runoff hydrograph at any pixel within the study sloped land area.