- 期刊
中橫崩塌地植被特性及其優勢植物主要生理反應之研究
Vegetation Analysis and the Physiological Responses of Dominant Plants at Landslide Areas in Central Cross Highway, Taiwan
摘要
本研究分別於中橫公路67與70K附近兩處崩塌地設置永久樣區，調查崩塌地工程處理後之植生演替，並就主要優勢植物，測定其葉綠素指標與氣孔導度，探討其生長活力之季節性變化。將調查與試驗所得結果摘述如下：(1)本調查區屬熱帶濕潤氣候，崩塌地礫石比率75 %以上，土壤透水性良好。67K崩塌地調查區土壤有機質含量約6 %，70 K有機質含量低1 %，土壤巨量元素偏低。(2)利用線截法植生調查，結果67 K崩塌地林下部份，以人為栽植之克育草為優勢植物，其次為五節芒、腎蕨；木本植物以水麻為優勢樹種，其次為臺灣赤揚、九芎、長梗紫苧麻及山鹽菁等。70 K崩塌地亦以克育草為最優勢，其他入侵植物以波葉山螞蝗、揚波及臺灣赤楊較多。(3)兩試區土劃含水量之長期變化不規則，其中67K 試區之平均含水量較70 K高，同一試區各測點之各土壤含水量有由坡面上方往下方漸增之趨勢。(4)以SPAD-502 葉綠素計測定崩塌地優勢植物葉綠素指標值之季節變化，以探討植物之生長活力。結果顯示山鹽菁具最明顯之季節性變化且其夏季葉片葉綠素指標值最高，其次為五節芒、水麻、臺灣赤楊、克育草。(5)以LI-1600氣孔導度計測定崩塌優勢植物之葉片下表皮氣孔導度，了解其季節性之生理反應。結果顯示各供試植物之氣孔導度均呈現頗規則性之日變化與季節變化。不同植物間以山鹽菁之氣孔導度最高，臺灣赤楊、水麻次之。
並列摘要
For study the seasonal change and diurnal cycles of growth activity of dominant plants and plant succession, the stomatal conductance and leaf chlorophyll index of dominant plants were investigated at near 67 and 70 K landslide area in Central Cross Highway, Taiwan. The results obtained were as follows: (1) The climate of the study sites is humid and warm. The landslide deposits consist of more than 75% gravels, and thus with good permeability. The organic matter contents of soils are 6% at 67 K plot and I% at 70K plot, respectively. Both soils in the plots have low macroelements. (2) According to the vegetation survey by line transect method, it was found that the planted Kikuyu grass and Japanese silver grass were the dominant ground cover plants; Debregeasia edulis and Formorsan alder were the dominant tree at 67 K landslide area. Kikuau grass was the most dominant plant and others were Formorsan alder, Buddleiaasiatica, Desmodium sequax etc. at 70 K landslide area. (3) The seasonal change of soil moisture at tested plots was irregular. But the average soil moisture in 67K study areas was greater than that of 70K study areas. (4) The seasonal change of leaf chlorophyll index of dominant plants that could be to do as activity index was measured with SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter. The results showed that Roxburgh sumac had the highest chlorophyll index in summer. (5) Stomatal conductance of dominant plants were measured with LI-1600 porometer. The results showed that tested plants had seasonal change and diurnal cycle regularly. The stomatal conductance of Roxburgh sumac was the highest, while Formorsan alder, Japanese silver grass the next.