不同敷蓋材料對陡坡地土壤水分變化及沖蝕控制之研究

Effects of Different Mulching Materials on Soil Moisture Variation and Erosion Control for Steep Sloping Lands

吳嘉俊(C.-C. Wu) ； 陳智賢(C.-H. Chen) ； 鄒嘉慶(C.-C. Tsou)

《中華水土保持學報》 26卷2期 (1995/06) Pp. 121-133

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.199506_26(2).0005

摘要

本研究的目的，在追蹤並探討殘株敷蓋、植草及日本最近研製成功並已開始推廣應用於陡坡地之環境保全綠化多機能資材（Multi-function filter），對沖蝕控制及土壤水分變化之影響。由試驗結果得知，植生覆蓋、殘株敷蓋及多機能資材均有良好的沖蝕控制能力。就涵養水源的能力而言，殘株敷蓋由於可吸附相當於本身4.8倍質量重的水，保水能力最好，且保水時間最久。植生覆蓋由於根系競爭水分的關係，其處理下的土壤含水量較殘株敷蓋爲少。多機能資材由於本身材質的厭水特性，反而降低了預期的功能，再加上其保水能力最差，逕流量在三種地表處理中爲最大，都限制了該資材在水源有限之陡坡地上固土保水的用途。

關鍵字

陡坡地 ； 敷蓋 ； 土壤沖蝕 ； 土壤水分

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to monitor and investigate the effects of different surface coverage treatments on soil moisture and erosion control. Surface coverage treatments applied in this study included mulching, vegetation cover, and the newly developed Japaness multi-function filter. Soil suction, soil loss, and runoff were measured throughout the study period. Those information provided a guideline toward better selection on mulching and surface cover materials for soil and water conservation and erosion control on steep sloping lands. Based upon field measurements, vegetation cover, residual mulch, and multi-function filter could well protect soil from erosion. As far as water conservation was concerned, residual mulch could absorb rain water as much as 4.8 times of its own weight, and the absorbed water could gradually be released to soil by mulching residual. Therefore, the soil matrix under mulching residual could maintain at higher moisture content after rainfall. The soil matrix under vegetation cover treatment did not possess high moisture content due to the moisture competition by roots. The low permeability of the filter confined the applicability of multi-function filter, especially on steep slopes where water resources were limited.

並列關鍵字

Steep Sloping Land ； Mulching ； Soil Erosion ； Soil Moisture