大蒜去病毒植株之篩選與珠芽增殖之研究

Screen of Virus-Indexed Garlic and Multiplication by Bulblets

連大進(T. J. Lien) ； 鄭安秀(A. H. Cheng) ； 陳水心(S. S. Chen) ； 顏永福(Y. F. Yen) ； 王裕權(Y. C. Wang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 34期 (1997/12) Pp. 35-43

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.199712.0004

摘要

國內大蒜栽培用的蒜種多來自農家的採種田，這些蒜種從未經過植株生長勢選拔與健康檢定，因此每年生產的大蒜，植株因受病毒病感染易顯柔弱不良，影響蒜球的產量及品質。本試驗乃進行田間優良單株選拔，並利用ELISA篩選無病毒反應之單株，然後藉由珠芽繁殖技術去獲得大量增殖，建立種蒜繁殖體系，供農民種植。由優良單株選拔而選得大片黑、印尼早生及北蒜等分別為1792、670及949個植株，經採用複合大蒜病毒抗血清以ELISA檢測結果，植株呈負反應的單株，分別為印尼早生220個、大片黑48個、北蒜4個。印尼早生系統為幾年前引進，一直在隔離網室中繁殖生長，年年去除呈現病毒病病徵之植株，在病毒檢定結果呈負反應單株出現較高比率，以及在前世代生長中的蒜球和珠芽中去篩選優良單株的後代，亦出現較高比率負反應的單株。由此結論，無病毒病植株的獲得或者可利用此方法來維持。此外，利用低溫冷藏處理蒜球，發現低溫5℃冷藏50至60天，可以提高北蒜繁殖倍數由7.8增加至18.3倍，生育日數提早26天成熟，低溫誘導的珠芽經一代繁殖的蒜球，皆可做為種蒜的材料。

關鍵字

健康種蒜 ； 種蒜增殖 ； 低溫處理

並列摘要

The seed bulbs of garlic usually come from local growers' fields, these seed garlic have never selected for plant vigorous and screened for freeing from virus, therefore the garlic plant commonly appears a weakness of growth year by year in Taiwan. The promising plants were collected and indexed with complex garlic virus antiserum. The materials with negative reaction by ELISA, were propagated by bulblets to get mass multiplication. The results showed that 220 plant out of 670 stocked plants co. Early Indonesia, 48 plants out of 1792 collected Tapenhei plants, 4 plants out of 949 collected Pesun planted appeared a negative reaction. The stocked plants of cv. Early Indonesia had been indexed to free from the viruses with the same antibodies' eradication of the plants showing and have propagated for years in a net house with mosaic at leaves the plants of cv. Early Indonesia appeared a high ratio of freeing from viruses in the indexing. The plants grown from these virus-indexed bulbs and bulblets previous generation, also appeared a high ratio of freeing from these viruses. It is conclude that the plants appeared a high ratio of freeing from these viruses. It is conclude that the plants free from viruses may be gotten from growers' fields.In general the propagation of garlic is by cloves, and the multiplication rate is 7.8 folds. At the experiment the cloves were stored at 5, 10 or 15℃ for various duration and the results showed that the bulbs stored at low temperature might induced production of bulblets. The treated plants with multiplication rate increased up to 18.3 folds were mature 26 days earlier.

並列關鍵字

Healthy seed garlic ； Index of multiplication of seed garlic ； Chilling duration