落花生新品種台南14號之育成

Development of Peanut Variety Tainan 14

楊允聰(Y. T. Yang) ； 林義恭(Y. K. Lin) ； 蔡承良(C. L. Tsai) ； 游添榮(T. J. Yiu)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 35期 (1998/12) Pp. 45-64

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.199812.0004

摘要

落花生新品系「南改系152號」於1998年6月19日通過命名，登記為「台南14號」。台南14號係以雜交育種方法育成，母本為台南10號，父本為75(2)-3-21。人工雜交於1984年秋作進行，1985～1987年以混合法進行雜交後代分離與培育及選拔優良單株，1987～1991年進行品系試驗，1992年春作至1993年秋作進行區域試驗，1996～1997年進行栽培、機收與品質分析試驗。台南14號屬西班牙型（Spanish type），株型直立，株高春作約43cm，秋作約34cm，分支數約5～9支，莖呈淺綠色，葉為倒卵形，花為黃色；莢果為中筒形，長約3.24cm，寬約1.34cm，有果腰略有網紋，每莢通常有二個籽粒；籽粒為長橢圓形，長約1.7cm，寬約1.0cm，種皮為粉紅色，種子不具休眠性。始花期春作約為出土後30～40天，秋作約為25～30天；成熟收穫期春作約為播種後120～137天，秋作約為105～117天。平均公頃乾莢果產量春作為3375kg，秋作為2506kg；平均公頃籽粒產量春作為2272kg，秋作為1709kg。剝實率約67.7%，百莢重約166～175g，千粒重約681～707g，籽粒油份含量約45.8～47.6%，蛋白質含量約29.5～30.8%。在田間自然發病情形下，罹銹病及葉斑病的程度，較台南11號、台南選9號等推廣品種輕微。適應機械收穫。根據全省區域試驗資料，進行穩定性分析的結果，台南14號的乾莢果產量甚為穩定，可在全省各地栽培。

關鍵字

落花生 ； 品種改良

並列摘要

”Tainan 14” is a high-yielding, Spanish-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivar developed by the Tainan District Agricultural Improvenment Station ( Tainan DAIS ) and released in 1998. It was selected by the bulk method following the cross of TN10 and 75(2)-3-21. The final single plant selection was made in F5 generation, the fall crop of 1987. Tainan 14 was evaluated in a series of tests during 1987∼1991 at the experimental field of Tainan DAIS, and at the major peanut production area in Taiwan under the designation of NS88109. In addition, Tainan 14 was further evaluated in regional yield test around the island during 1992∼1993 for its yield potential and stability under the designation of Nan-Kai-Si152.Tainan 14 is an early maturing peanut cultivar and required approximately 120 to 137 days and 105 to 117 days to mature respectively, in the spring and the fall environments in Taiwan. Average pod yield of Tainan 14 is 3375 kg/ha in the spring crop and is 2506 kg/ha in the fall crop. In addition, the shelling percentage of Tainan 14 is about 67.7%. Hundred-pod weight is 166∼175g, and thousand-kernel weight is 681∼707g. The pod and kernel size of Tainan 14 is larger than Tainan 11. Seeds of Tainan 14 contain 45.8∼47.6% oil and 29.5∼30.8% crude protein, depending upon the growing environments. Tainan 14 has not significantly differed from the commercial cultivars in resistance to foliar diseases, leaf spot and rust. Tainan 14 could be growing around the island.

並列關鍵字

peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) ； varietal improvement