青割玉米品種台南21號之育成

Breeding of Forage Corn Hybrid Tainan No. 21

曾清田(C. T. Tseng) ； 陳振耕(C. K. Chen)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 36期 (1999/12) Pp. 20-36

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.199912.0002

摘要

台南21號命名前代號為PFH 83-9，屬單雜交種，其系譜為P-1212×CI-8122，母本P-1212係自Pioneer種子公司引進品種Pioneer 3208分離選育出之自交系，屬溫帶型淡黃色半硬粒種，具有抗露菌病、普通型銹病（包括幼苗期及成株期）、幼苗期南方型銹病及輪生期螟害等特性。父本CI-8122為自國際玉米及小麥改良中心（CIMMYT）引進綜合品種Mcy-51分離篩選培育出之品系，屬熱帶型白色馬齒種，具有抗露菌病、莖腐病及銹病（包括南方型及普通型銹病）等特性。PFH 83-9於84年秋作選育出後，經選拔參加全省生區域試驗、氮肥及栽培密度試驗，抗病蟲性檢定、成株營養成分及青貯品質分析與莖稈硬度測試後，由各項結果顯示，PFH 83-9鮮草產量高而穩定，並具有抗露茵病、莖腐病、病毒病、銹病（包括南方型及普通型銹病）、輪生期螟害及倒伏等特性、營養成分及青貯品質均佳，適合推廣供養殖乳牛芻料。本品種適合雲嘉南及花東地區、灌排水良好及pH值在5.5～8.0間之壤土或坋質壤土栽培。種植密度每公頃66,666株，行株距75×20公分。建議公頃施用氮素150～200公斤，磷酐及氧化鉀分別為90公斤及60公斤。PFH 83-9於88年5月18日經農林廳召集之作物新品種命名審查會通過命名為台南21號。

關鍵字

青割玉米 ； 鮮草產量 ； 結合力檢定 ； 抗病蟲性 ； 抗倒伏 ； 青貯品質

並列摘要

Tainan No. 21 is a single cross forage corn hybrid. It was coded as PFH 83-9 before registration. Its pedigree is P-1212×CI-8122. The maternal line P-1212 was bred from Pioneer 3208 introduced from Pioneer Seed Company in the United Sates. It is endowed with pale yellow semiflint kernel. P-1212 is also characterizied with highly resistance to downy mildew Peronosclerospora sacchari and moderate resistances to common rust disease Puccinia sorghi and whorl stage corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis feeding damage. The paternal line CI-8122 was derived from a composite Mcy-51 introduced from CIMMYT. It is characterized with white dent kernel and highly resistance to stalk rot Pythium aphanidermatum and rust disease (P. sorghi and P. polysora) and moderate resistances to downy mildew P. sacchari. Since being selected out in fall crop of 1995 PFH 83-9 was recommended to participate in islandwide yield trial for newly deve1oped forage corn hybrids, effect test on nitrogen rate and plant density, resitant test to major economic important disease and insect pests, stalk quality test as well as chemical analysis for nutrition composition in mature plant and silage quality. The data collected from above tests indicated that PFH 83-9 is characterized with stable high-yielding ability, resistance to downy mildew, stalk rot, rust disease, corn borer feeding damage in whorl stage and lodging, it is also possessed with high nutrition in mature stage of plant development and good silage quality. These revealed that PFH 83-9 could be adopted for cultivating in eastern part area as well as Yu-Chia-Nan area in the country and used as feed for dairy cattle industry. After being evaluated by the meeting of the Registration Committee for new crop cultivar convened by the Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Taiwan provincial Government PFH 83-9 was officially named as Tainan No. 21 on May 18, 1999 The proper plant density for Tainan No. 21 is 66,666 plants per hectare, the recommended amount of N, P2O5, K5O per hectare is 150-200 kg, 90 kg and 60 kg. respectively.

並列關鍵字

forage corn ； fresh weight ； combing ability test ； disease and insect pest resistance ； lodging resistance ； silage quality