甘藍平地採種之研究

Studies on Cabbage Seed Production in the Lowland

王仕賢(S. S. Wang) ； 張春蕉(C. G. Chang) ； 林棟樑(D. L. Lin) ； 顏永福(Y. F. Yen) ； 吳明哲(M. T. Wu)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 37期 (2000/12) Pp. 56-64

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.200012.0004

摘要

熱帶與亞熱帶地區常因冬季低溫不足無法誘導甘藍開花，或因開花期及種子成熟期遭遇高溫，造成種子品質及產量之下降，本研究提出一套幼苗人工低溫處理技術，配合秋冬自然低溫進行甘藍平地採種工作。以四品種甘藍（初秋、夏峰、高峰及葉深）於播種後45天、55天及65天之不同苗齡進行低溫處理45天，處理溫度為5°C，光照時數16小時，光強度1,000 lux。低溫春化處理後於1998年11月24日定植田間，1999年3月調查種子產量，結果顯示單株種子產量在品種與苗齡之間呈現交感作用，其中葉深品種隨著處理苗齡增加而減少，而初秋與高峰則以苗齡55天之單株採種量最高，其次為苗齡65天之處理，夏峰品種則以苗齡45天之處理單株採種量最高，而苗齡55天與65天產量相近。各處理之平均單株採種以葉深品種45天苗齡處理為最高達71.5公克，而最低者為高峰品種45天苗齡處理，只達48.7公克。此試驗結果顯示此一幼苗春化處理技術確可達到甘藍平地採種之目的。

關鍵字

春化作用 ； 甘藍採種

並列摘要

Seed production of common cabbage in the tropics and subtropics is hindered by the insufficiency of low temperature. Winter temperature in the lowland can not fulfil the chilling requirement for flower induction, even plants can be vernalized at high altitudes, flowering and seed development will be poor due to the following raining season and high temperature, We proposed a seedling vernalization method to overcome the chilling requirement to produce cabbage seed in the lowland tropic in the winter season.Four cultivars of cabbage, K-Y cross, Sha-Phon, Summer Summit and Yensen, were sown in the plug tray and were transplanted into 3.5 inch pots. When the seedling were 45, 55 and 55 days after sown. The plants were vernalized at 5 C, for 45 days with 16 hr/day of illumination (1,000 lux), Vernalized plants were planted in the field on November 24, 1998, and seeds were harvested on March 10, 1999. The results show that the seedling age and cultivars are significantly interacted in the seed yield. In the variety ”Yensen”, seed yield decreased with the increase of seedling age. Highest seed yield in the ”K-Y cross” and ”Summer Summit” were found at the seedling age of 55 days. The 45-day-old tranplants of ”Sha-Phon” produced the highest seed yield. Among the combined treatments, highest seed yield in the variety ”Yensen” was found when 45-day-old tranplants were vernanized for 45 days, and they produced 71.5 g seeds/plant. The lowest seed yield was in the variety ”Summer Summit” when 45-day-old tranplants were vernanized for 45 days and only produced 48.7 g seeds/plant. This experiment shown that seed production in the lowland subtropic is feasible by this seedling vernalizing method.

並列關鍵字

Vernalization ； Cabbage seed production