生物分解垃圾袋填裝廚餘堆肥化之研究

Evaluation of Biodegradable Trash Bags in Household Waste Composting

楊紹榮(S. R. Yang) ； 黃瑞彰(J. C. Huang) ； 黃山內(S. N. Huang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 39期 (2002/06) Pp. 2-11

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.200206.0001

摘要

台灣地區農業廢棄物之年產出量約在960.9～1,061.6萬噸，而一般垃圾中之物理組成分類，廚餘類比率為17.9－25.8％，木竹、稻草落葉比率為4.7－5.9％，倘能善加利用，將廚餘及公園行道樹落葉等有機廢棄物配合禽畜類，菇類及食品加工等農產廢棄物進行堆肥化處理，如此不但可解決有機廢棄物污染環境的問題，維護生態環境，還可利用其所富含的有機物及養分，改善土壤之理化性質，提高土壤肥力增加作物生產與改善產品品質。由於一般垃圾之物理成分中塑膠類之比率也在17.8－22％。因此，為了減少日常生活中傳統塑膠的使用、採用生物可分解垃圾袋配合廚餘，庭園枯枝落葉等有機廢棄物的分類蒐集，進行資源再生對於廢棄物減量及現行的垃圾處理方式將有莫大的助益。本研究旨在進行生物分解垃圾袋填裝家庭廚餘，堆肥化處理後之成效評估，調查得知：採用澱粉與聚己內酯為原料所產製的生物分解垃圾袋裝填廚餘並混合茶渣及大豆渣等農產加工廢棄物置於堆積槽，生物分解垃圾袋在堆肥化後44天完全分解。供試樣品，經三個月餘發酵翻堆後所產製的有機質肥料產品與不含生物分解垃圾袋內裝廚餘之對照處理比較，其電導度較低，水份則較高；pH及有機質含量幾無差異存在；主要及次要元素含量則均高於對照處理（銅除外）。將混合廚餘之生物分解垃圾袋經堆肥化所獲得的有機質產品利用於短期葉菜類小白菜栽培，植株生長亦佳。

關鍵字

生物分解垃圾袋 ； 廚餘 ； 堆肥化

並列摘要

In Taiwan, municipal solid waste is composted of 17.9-25.7% of organic household wastes and 17.8-20% of used plastics. In order to decrease the amount of regular plastics, the household wastes were collected and biodegradable trash bags were used in composting for recycling of organic materials. This process can reduce environmental pollution, and improve physical and chemical properties of soil.The Mater-Bi biodegradable films (NF01U, 50% starch and 50% PCL), a product of Novamont, Italy, was used in the composting experiment at Tainan DAIS in 2000. Biodegradable trash bags were incorporated with household wastes and then, fermented at a wastage composting site of organic farm for 3 months. All of the biodegradable trash bags degradade completely 44 days after composting. Organic compost obtained from the fermented tank incorporated with household and biodegradable trash bags was good in quality (except a little more in moisture) compared to controll treatment. Organic compost also was good in growth for leafy vegetables.

並列關鍵字

Biodegradable trash bags ； Household ； Composting