硝酸態氮與銨態氮比率對設施內多花型菊切花品質之影響

Effect of Nitrate-N and Ammonia-N Ratio on The Cutflower's Quality of Spray Chrysanthemum Produced in the Protected Facility

張錦興(C. S. Chang) ； 張元聰(Y. T. Chang) ； 王裕權(Y. C. Wang) ； 王仕賢(S. S. Wang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 42期 (2003/12) Pp. 52-59

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.200312.0005

摘要

本試驗以金絲黃、金風車、舞風車等3個多花菊品種為試驗材料，在溫室內以不作畦、不摘心、高密度種植，後以養液滴灌方式進行試驗，栽培期間將肥料配方中的氮素成份，以不同硝酸態氮與銨態氮比率調製施用，觀察其對切花生產品質的影響。其結果顯示，長期施用高銨態氮比率（硝酸態氮與銨態氮比率為2：8）的液肥，可增進全株葉子大小與一致性，並可維持下位葉有較濃綠的葉色。若以高硝酸態氮比率的液肥（硝酸態氮與銨態氮比率為8：2）施用，切花枝莖粗最細、花序最短、鮮重最輕。以硝酸態氮與銨態氮比率為6：4花莖最長，其次為8：2處理者，但對切花瓶插壽命卻無顯著影響。

關鍵字

多花菊 ； 設施 ； 營養 ； 氮素 ； 品質

並列摘要

Effects of 4 ratio of NO3-N and NH4-N application on the cutflower's quality was studied in three local spray-type chrysanthemum varieties grown in non-tillage, non-pinching and high-density culture with drip irrigation in the protected facility. The greenest leaves on the lower nodes of stem occurred at NO3-N and NH4-N ratio was 2:8, which mean higher NH4-N concentration in the solution, being fertilized. In the cut flower's quality, the longest stem was found under NO3-N and NH4-N ratio was 6:4 being fertilized. The stem's diameter was smallest, inflorescence were shortest, fresh weight of cut flower were lightest at NO3-N and NH4-N ratio was 8:2 than others. The vase life was no different through all the treatment, though. The conclusion is: to get good cut flowers quality in both leaves and flower of the 3 spraymum varieties, plants must be fertilized with equivalent ratio of NO3-N and NH4-N, or fertilized with different ratios of NO3-N and NH4-N along with the growth period of the spraymum.

並列關鍵字

Spray mum ； protected facility ； nutrition ； nitrogen ； quality