氮肥施用量及栽植密度對水稻植冠截光能力及光能利用效率之影響

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates and Planting Densities on the Light Interception and Radiation Use Efficiency of Rice Crop

羅正宗(J. C. Lo) ； 林俊隆(J. L. Lin)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 49期 (2007/06) Pp. 35-48

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.200706.0003

摘要

本試驗利用不同氮肥施用量及栽植密度處理，探討水稻植冠發育與截光率變化的關係，並評估其對水稻植冠截光能力及光能利用效率之影響。試驗結果顯示水稻植冠截光率（LI）達最大值之時間，較葉面積指數（LAI）達最大值之時間為早，兩者時間差距以第一期作較長，且氮肥及栽植密度對LAI之效應遠大於LI。於變方分析中則發現在兩期作環境下，氮肥及栽植密度對水稻全生育時期之植冠截光量的主效應及交感效應均達顯著，且兩因子均呈顯著之二次效應；榖粒充實期間之植冠截光量則二次效應不顯著。氮肥及栽植密度對水稻全生育期乾物重之光能利用效率，及稻穀產量之光能利用效率的主效應均呈顯著，但未呈顯著之二次效應。另於反應曲面分析則發現，水稻不同生育期之植冠截光量易受氮肥施用量與栽植密度及其交感作用之影響，並以第一期作較為顯著；但不同生育期植冠乾物重之光能利用效率及產量光能利用效率，受氮肥施用量與栽植密度及其交感作用之影響則較不明顯。顯示水稻植冠截光量易受栽培環境之影響，而光能利用效率則較為穩定，可作為描述水稻生長之一重要性狀。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 植冠 ； 截光能力 ； 光能利用效率

並列摘要

This research used different nitrogen application rates and planting densities to investigate the relationship between canopy development and light intercepted of rice, and estimate the different nitrogen application rates and planting densities affect the light intercepted (LI) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of rice canopy. The result shows that the light intercepted of rice canopy reaches the time of the maximum is early than the leaf area index (LAI). The two time disparity make longer in first crop season, and the different nitrogen application rates and planting density are greater than LI to the effect of LAI. From the analysis of variance, there were significant main effect and interaction of the nitrogen application rates and planting densities on light intercepted of rice during the whole growth period, both were presenting the quadratic effect. No significant quadratic effect of the nitrogen application rates and planting densities on light intercepted of rice during the grain filling period. There were significant main effect and interaction of the nitrogen application rates and planting densities on radiation use efficiency of dry weight (RUEtdw) and grain yield (RUEy), but there were not significant quadratic effect on RUEtdw and RUEy. From the reaction curve analysis, LI was significantly affected by the main effect of different nitrogen application rates and planting densities, and different nitrogen application rates x planting densities interaction. But those main effect and interaction were not significant for radiation use efficiency of dry weight (RUEtdw) and grain yield (RUEy). In conclusion, the culture environments were apt to influence on LI. The RUEtdw and RUEy were rather stable characters, RUE can be used as important trait of describing rice growth.

並列關鍵字

Rice ； Canopy ； Light intercepted ； Radiation use efficiency