水稻雜交早期世代品質選拔指標之研究

Studies on Quality Selection Index of Early Generation of Rice Hybrid

羅正宗(J. C. Lo) ； 張家華(C. H. Chang) ； 陳榮坤(R. K. Chen) ； 劉啟東(C. D. Liu)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 62期 (2013/12) Pp. 9-21

摘要

以臺灣良質米推薦品種及一般品種共14個為材料，每公頃施用120及60公斤氮素，調查植株生育、穗部性狀及米質特性，分析調查性狀與稻米品質之相關，作為水稻早期世代育種選拔之參考指標。穗部性狀及米質特性之相關分析顯示，白米食味計值與一次枝梗數、一次枝梗平均粒數、二次枝梗數、穗著粒密度、每穗粒數、稔實率、穗重等性狀呈顯著正相關，與單株穗數與穀粒蛋白質含量呈顯著負相關。官能品評值與一次枝梗千粒重、一次枝梗數、一次枝梗粒數、二次枝梗數、每穗粒數、千粒重、穗長、穗重等性狀呈顯著正相關，與二次枝梗稔實率、穗數、穀粒直鏈性澱粉含量等性狀呈顯著負相關。食味計之測定值與品評結果呈高度正相關。在水稻雜交早期世代選拔上，一次枝梗千粒重、一次枝梗數、一次枝梗粒數、每穗粒數、千粒重、穗重等性狀可為參考指標，以選育出性狀與米質皆優之雜交後代。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 育種 ； 品質 ； 選拔

並列摘要

This study was carried out to obtain selection information on early generation of rice hybrid. A total of 14 varieties randomly selection from the collection of rice varieties released in Taiwan, including high quality and generally variety during the past 30 years were used to conducted field experiments with various nitrogen rates (60 and 120 kg N ha-1) in the first and second crop seasons through the years from 2005 to 2006. The purpose was to investigate the correlation coefficients between the properties of panicle and rice kernel quality characteristics. The result of this research indicated the panicle properties and rice quality characteristics reveal the milled rice palatability score were positively correlation with primary branch number per panicle, average grain number of primary branch, secondary branch number per panicle, grain number per panicle, sterility and panicle weight. Analysis of the genotype correlation coefficients on flavor value were highly positively correlated with primary branch number per panicle, average grain number of primary branch, panicle length and panicle weight. However, higher estimates of the heritability and genetic gain of rice kernel quality on selection index in early generation of rice hybrid were primary branch number per panicle, density, panicle weight, grain number per panicle.

並列關鍵字

Japonica Rice ； Breeding ； Quality ； Selection