十字花科蔬菜黑腐病菌種子帶菌檢測與去病原技術

Detection and Disinfection Technique of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris on Crucifer Seeds

吳雅芳(Y. F. Wu) ； 鄭安秀(A. H. Cheng)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 64期 (2014/12) Pp. 43-55

摘要

十字花科蔬菜黑腐病菌之不同菌株間在測試的半選擇性培養基上，其菌落及澱粉水解透明環大小及生長速度和選擇性均有差異，因此在檢測種子帶菌時應使用2種以上的培養基，將種子加入0.85％ NaCl／0.02％ Tween 20緩衝液在28℃振盪2小時後之洗出液經0、24及48小時增量培養後再分別塗抹於不同的平板上，取可能之菌落以ELISA測試或進行甘藍剪葉接種以確定其為黑腐病菌。測試農藥及拮抗菌對黑腐病菌之生長抑制結果，以20％歐索林酸可濕性粉劑1,000倍及81.3％嘉賜銅可濕性粉劑1,000倍，拮抗微生物菌株B40、S67、S101、S201培養液效果最好，以上述藥劑或拮抗菌浸泡種子30分鐘後，以菌株S67、S101、S201及嘉賜銅浸泡處理之種子未檢出黑腐病菌，以菌株B40及歐索林酸處理則仍檢出高帶菌率，但各組發芽率均差；播種後澆灌處理上述藥劑或拮抗菌則發芽率未受影響，其發病株率在處理天然帶菌種子上並無明顯差異，但若處理人工被覆之帶菌種子則以菌株B40及嘉賜銅處理之發病株率降低較多。

關鍵字

十字花科蔬菜黑腐病

並列摘要

Plating efficiency and recovery efficiency of tested Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris (XCC) isolates on eight tested semi-selective media varied depending on the XCC isolates. Thus, detection of XCC from crucifer seeds uses at least two kinds of media to reduce the effect on the diverse sources of XCC isolates. Shaking the seeds in 0.85% NaCl / 0.02% Tween 20 buffer at 28˚C for 2 hours, the seeds were washed and plated on semi-selective media after enrich culture for 0, 24, 48 hours. Taking XCC possible colonies to ELISA test or cabbage leaf-cutting to determine it is black rot pathogen.1,000 times dilution of 20% oxolinic acid WP, 81.3% kasugamycin+copper oxychloride acid WP and antagonistic microbes B40, S67, S101, S201 are the best to inhibit growth of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. These two chemicals and 4 microbes were used to treat cabbage seeds by soaking 30 minutes or drenching after sow. XCC could not be detected when treated by soaking in S67, S101, S201 and kasugamycin+copper oxychloride acid respectively. But the XCC detected from soaking in B40 or oxolinic acid. The germination rate was not affected when drenching these 6 agents after sow the crucifer seeds respectively. Disease incidence was not different significantly with natural contaminated seeds, whereas the artificial XCC coated crucifer seeds treated with B40 and kasugamycin+copper oxychloride acid were reduced.

並列關鍵字

Black Rot of Crucifer ； Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris