木黴菌對落花生白絹病防治效果之探討

落花生為臺灣重要雜糧作物，白絹病為其主要病害之一，高溫多濕環境有利此病害發生，目前防治方法主要為化學藥劑，本研究於2015 年在8 個田區以木黴菌T3 菌株（Tricho-derma virens T3 isolate）進行種植前粉劑拌種及開花期稀釋100 倍澆灌處理，測試其對白絹病之防治效果，結果顯示 8 個田區之木黴菌處理組罹病度均低於對照組，效果最明顯之田區，處理組之罹病度比慣行對照組低39.38％，統計分析結果顯示8 個田區中有7 個田區具顯著差異，由此結果可知木黴菌處理可有效抑制秋作落花生白絹病之發生。現有技術：目前仍以使用化學藥劑拌種或澆灌做為落花生白絹病的主要防治方式。創新內容：使用拮抗真菌木黴菌來減少白絹病的發生，能有效降低白絹病罹病度。對產業影響：增加落花生白絹病防治方法的選擇，同時減少農民直接接觸化學農藥的次數，也減少化學農藥對環境造成的負擔。

關鍵字

落花生；白絹病；木黴菌

並列摘要

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the important dryland crops in Taiwan. All cultivars of peanut are predisposed to southern blight disease, caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, in hot and humid environment. Application of fungicides is still the main method for the control of this disease in Taiwan. Trichoderma virens strain T3 was applied in this study for seed treatment (w : w = 1 : 100) before sowing and spraying it again during flowering in 8 experimental fields. Results showed that the average disease severity of southern blight on peanut plants treated by T. virens T3 were lower than the untreated control in all fields. Seven out of 8 fields showed significant difference. This study indicated that the treatment of seeds and soil with T. virens strain T3 is an effective method to suppress the occurrence of southern blight disease in peanut field. What is already known on this subject? Application of fungicides is still the main method for the control of peanut southern blight in Taiwan. What are the new findings? Treatment of peanut seeds with Trichoderma virens strain T3 treatment is reported for the first time as an effective method to suppress the peanut southern blight. What is the expected impact on this field? Through this study we provide a new evidence and choice for peanut farmers to control southern blight, and biocontrol method is a less harmful way for human health and can help keeping a more sustainable agriculture environment.

並列關鍵字

Peanut ； southern blight disease ； Trichoderma virens

國際替代計量

木黴菌對落花生白絹病防治效果之探討

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