利用木黴菌防治穴盤甘藍苗立枯病之研究

本研究旨在探討利用木黴菌防治穴盤甘藍苗立枯病之效益。將液態培養之木黴菌（Trichoderma harzianum YM-1）厚膜孢子（chlamydospore）製成藻酸膠製劑（Trichoderma alginate formulation，T-AF），及接種至添加0.1％甲殼素、3％玉米桿粉與1％米糠之固態基質發酵後，經冷風乾燥成固態發酵製劑（Trichoderma fermentation formulation，T-FF）。經儲存3、6及10個月之兩種製劑分別拌入100及200倍體積之含立枯絲核菌之育苗介質培育甘藍苗，播種後21天調查甘藍苗之苗立枯病感染率分別為19.7、21.3、1.1及7.4％，與對照之47.3％，處理間差異均達顯著水準。另以polyethyleneglycol（PEG）6000 115 g．kg^(-1)．H2O^(-1)滲調處理與不處理之甘藍種子，分別播種至添加與不添加1％木黴菌藻酸膠製劑之含立枯絲核菌之育苗介質進行甘藍育苗，經滲調處理之種子播於兩種育苗介質處理21天之結果，甘藍苗之立枯病感染率分別為71與84％，而甘藍種子不經滲調處理，播種至前述兩種介質之處理，結果甘藍苗之立枯病感染率分別為8與37％，顯示甘藍種子以PEG滲調處理後，苗立枯病之感染反而較為嚴重，而未經滲調之甘藍種子仍可藉木黴菌製劑抑制苗立枯病。

關鍵字

木黴菌；立枯絲核菌；生物防治；製劑；種子滲調；穴盤育苗；甘藍

並列摘要

In this study, Chlamydospores of Trichoderma harzianum YM-1 were prepared as alginate formulation (T-AF) containing 2% of alginate, 0.5% of corn powder, 0.5% of wheat powder, 0.1% of soybean powder and 5% of diatomite powder, and fermented in peat mixture supplemented with 0.1% of chitin, 3% of corn stem powder (12-20 mesh) and 1% rice bran as fermented formulation(T-FF). T-AF and T-FF were air dried under 10-15, and stored for 3, 6 and 10 months at room temperature, both formulations were incorporated 100 and 200 times in volume of culture media infested with Rhizoctonia solani, respectively. The incidences of damping off of cabbage seedlings treated with T-AF and T-FF stored for 10 months were 19.7, 21.3, 1.1 and 7.4%, respectively, which were significantly lower than the check. In another experiment, the infection rate of cabbage seedlings with seed priming and sowing in T-AF and non-T-AF culture media was 71% and 84%, respectively, that without seed priming was 8% and 34%, these result indicated that seed priming treatment increased the infection rate of damping off disease in cabbage seedlings.

並列關鍵字

Trichoderma ； Rhizoctonia ； biocontrol Formulation ； seed priming

國際替代計量

利用木黴菌防治穴盤甘藍苗立枯病之研究

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