紫羅蘭新品種臺南1號及2號之育成

New stock varieties 'Tainan 1' and 'Tainan 2'

張元聰(Chang, Y. T.) ； 王美琴(M. C. Wang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 72期 (2018/12) Pp. 13-20

摘要

紫羅蘭為十字花科一年生植物，以切花生產為主，播種後代會有單重瓣株各半，但僅有重瓣株具有商品價值的問題。本研究之目的在選育早花且可於苗期由葉色分辨開花單重瓣植株的紫羅蘭品種，並且適合臺灣地區栽培。本場育成紫羅蘭臺南1號及臺南2號，新品種之特點能以單重瓣株葉色的差異，在苗期種植前將深色葉的單瓣株去除，保留淡色葉重瓣株而增加重瓣株的比率，重瓣率可由原有的50%提高至90%以上。新品種臺南1號為濃紫色(RHS：N81A)品種，株高約100公分，花穗長25公分，栽培期約80天。臺南2號為深粉色(RHS：N74A)品種，株高約92公分，花穗長27.7公分，栽培期約73天。新品種適合切花栽培，可在臺灣平地冬季自然溫度下開花，且可降低栽培紫羅蘭時單瓣株之數量，增加農友栽培效益及意願。現有技術：紫羅蘭為臺灣的新興花卉，但因現有品種栽培後會有重瓣與單瓣植株的問題，降低收益，影響農民種植意願。創新內容：由苗期葉色，可提高重瓣花株從50%增加到90%以上。對產業影響：藉重瓣花株的增加，可提高一倍的收益。

關鍵字

紫羅蘭 ； 重瓣辨識 ； 切花 ； 育種

並列摘要

Stock, as a cut flower, is an annual plant in Brassicaceae. In general, offspring produced 50% of double flower, and 50% of single flower plants, and only the double flower type is valuable for cut flowers. This study is attempted to select double flower type of plant out from the mixed population by leaf color at young seedling stage. If we removed dark-green-leaf plants from offspring, we can increase the double flowers type of plants from 50% to 90%. Taiwan #1 and Taiwan #2 stock were selected and released by this method. The flower color of Tainan # 1 is dark purple (RHS : N81A), plant height 100 cm, inflorescence length 25 cm. It begins to flowering about 80 days after planting. The flower color of Tainan # 2 is dark pink (RHS : N74A), plant height about 92 cm, inflorescence length is 27.7 cm. It begins to flowering about 73 days after planting. The two varieties can be grown as a cut flower in the lowland of Taiwan in winter. What is already known on this subject? Stock is a new cut flower in Taiwan. The farmers are bothered by the mixed populations of double and single flower plants in the commercial plantations. What are the new findings? By the differentiations of leaf color, we can increase the double flower plants from 50% to 90%. What is the expected impact on this field? New varieties can double the benefit of stock cut flower farmers.

並列關鍵字

Matthiola incana ； distinguishing double flower ； cut flower ； breeding