並列摘要
Jade has been regarded as one of the most representative precious stones in Chinese culture. While there were as many as 20~30 kinds of jades in earlier periods, nephrite, jadeite, and serpentine jade have emerged to be the focus of contemporary research. A special category of serpentine jade family, Xiu jade has been lauded as one of China’s “four famous jades” for its smooth consistency and greater transparency. The study utilizes Raman spectrometer, X-ray fluorescent analyzer, and X-ray powder diffractometer to perform mineralogical and chemical analysis on 18 selected samples of Xiu jades. Raman spectrometer is used to analyze the mineral composition of the selected Xiu jades, and the results indicate five mineral components: antigorite, chrysolite, lizardite, fosterite, and diopside. Antigorite in particular is identified as the leading component. Results of X-ray fluorescent analysis find Si and Mg as the major chemical components in even distribution. The color of Xiu jade is observed to grow deeper with a slight increase of Fe in its chemical composition.