木質藤本莖部不規則構造之分類

Classification on Anomalous Structure of Lianas Stem

楊勝任(Sheng-Zehn Yang) ； 陳柏豪(Po-Hau Chen) ； 陳以臻(Yi-Jeng Chen)

《國立臺灣博物館學刊》 67卷3期 (2014/09) Pp. 45-74

https://doi.org/10.6532/JNTM.2014.67(3).02

摘要

木質藤本具有特殊的生活習性，需支持物才能向上生長而發育不規則構造。由於學者使用多樣的術語解釋不規則構造，本文整理描述形成層變異相關報告與使用之術語，並提供16種木質藤本橫切面照片，供莖部橫切面形成層變異分類之用。結果顯示，木質藤本莖部橫切面的形態可分為形成層不規則結構、單一形成層變異形態、多元形成層變異形態等3類目。形成層不規則結構包含裂狀、扁平狀。單一形成層變異形態包含溝槽狀木質部、裂狀木質部、放射狀平板木質部、內含韌皮部、內生韌皮部等5種。多元形成層變異形態包含連續形成層、重複木質部圓柱體、裂縫/塊狀木質部、合成維管束圓柱體、分裂狀木質部塊等5種。統計的57科中，單一形成層活動變異有27科(47%)具內含韌皮部及22科(39%)具放射狀平板木質部次之。多元形成層活動的變異有25科(44%)具連續形成層及15科(26%)具重複木質部圓柱體次之。夾竹桃科、衛矛科、茶茱萸科具有7種形成層變異最高，其次為旋花科、豆科、無患子科具有6種形成層變異，菊科有5種形成層變異。這些不規則構造可以做為某些科或屬的特徵。

關鍵字

不規則形成層 ； 木質藤本 ； 多元形成層 ； 單一形成層

並列摘要

Lianas with special life habit need support to grow upright in order to develop the anomalous structure of the stem. Due to diverse terminologies and interpretations by researches, the aims of this study were to integrate the related terms of cambial variants of lianas from reports and to provide the pictures of sixteen liana transverse sections for the cambium variant classification of liana stems. We concluded that liana stem patterns of transverse sections can be divided into three categories such as cambia normal in production but abnormal in conformation, variants of one active cambia, and variants of multiple active cambia. Cambia abnormal in conformation can be divided into lobed and flattened types. The variants of one active cambia can be divided into five types such as furrowed xylem, lobed xylem, radiating plates of xylem, included phloem, and intraxylary phloem. The variants of multiple active cambia can be divided into five types such as successive cambia, duplicated xylem cylinders, fissured/blocks xylem, compound vascular cylinders and divided xylem mass. Among the 57 families selected, 27 families (47%) develop included phloem and 22 families (39%) develop radiating plates of xylem in one active cambia. 25 families (44%) develop successive cambia and 15 families (26%) develop duplicated xylem cylinders in multiple active cambia. Apocynaceae, Celastraceae, Icacinaceae with seven cambium variants are the highest, the next are Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, Sapindaceae with six cambium variants, and Asteraceae with five cambium variants. The anomalous structure of lianas could be a feature of certain a family or genus.

並列關鍵字

abnormal cambium ； liana ； multiple cambia ； one cambia

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