應用自製手工紙進行典藏書籍修復：以林業專門圖書館為例

臺灣過去在進行書籍的修復，多是利用市售手工紙，有接縫突出、紙質易酸化、顏色不符需求，及紙張厚薄不一等缺點，不僅破壞書籍的完整性，更會使修復過後的書籍過新，喪失書籍原貌之美。本研究針對林業專門圖書館內典藏之書籍進行盤點，了解不同年代書籍受損的狀況；並挑選收集13種不同年代書籍紙樣，經由顯微鏡觀察其纖維形態特徵，發現組成之纖維主要以針葉樹纖維及闊葉樹纖維為主，另有少數紙樣參有竹纖維等非木纖維；且年代越早期的紙樣，針葉樹纖維含量較多，闊葉樹纖維含量較少；而闊葉樹纖維添加比例隨著年代增加而增加，推測可能與成本考量、製漿方法開發及環保意識抬頭有關。仿照待修書籍紙張纖維的比例，進行製作手抄紙，並加入構樹皮纖維，以增加修復時搭接點的強度；經由檢測發現，纖維比例以針葉樹60.8%、闊葉樹19.2%、構樹纖維20%，製作修復手抄紙比例最佳。另將製作完成之手工紙根據修復書籍的顏色進行染色，及添加碳酸鈣避免紙質酸化後，交由專業修復師進行修復，發現添加構樹皮纖維於針、闊葉樹纖維中抄紙的方式，具有耐摺強度高、抗張強度強、且修復時容易搭接等優點，為一成功可行的修補紙張抄製方式。

關鍵字

手工紙；典藏書籍；修復

並列摘要

In the past, book restoration in Taiwan mostly used commercial handmade papers of limited specs, which are liable to shortcomings of raised seams, acidification of paper, poor color matching, and uneven thickness for the mended books. These not only harm integrity of the books, but causing the treated books to appear overly fresh and losing their original beauty. In this study, we inventoried book collection of the TFRI library, specifically on the professional forestry-related books and understood conditions of book damages from different eras. From these, 13 books from different eras were selected. Microscopic observations of their fiber morphological features were conducted. We found that constituents of the books were mainly coniferous and hardwood fibers, with a few specimens containing bamboo or other nonwood fibers. The earlier the paper specimens, the more coniferous fibers they contained, and there was less hardwood fibers. However, proportions of hardwood fiber content increased with the recentness of the books, probably because of cost considerations, development of pulping methods and increased environmental senses. Matching the fiber proportions of books to be mended, we prepared a series of handmade papers with the addition of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) fiber to strengthen the junctions with the old books. Test of the handmade papers indicated that at a proportion of 60.8% coniferous fibers, 19.2% hardwood fibers and 20% paper mulberry fibers, the mending handmade paper was optimal. The finished handmade papers underwent dyeing to match the color of substrate papers, and calcium carbonate was added to prevent paper acidification. The papers were provided to professional book menders for book restoration. They found that addition of paper mulberry fibers to the mixed coniferous-hardwood fiber matrix effectively increased folding endurance, tensile strength and easy to lap joint, thus representing a successful method of forming restorative papers.