光週期對外米綴蛾（Corcyra cephalonica（Stainton））交尾率、產卵量和壽命的影響

外米綴蛾（Corcyra cephalonica（Stainton））卵粒可做為天敵昆蟲的代用寄主，本研究重點在探討光週期對外米綴蛾數種生物特性的影響。將羽化20小時內的雌、雄蛾在透明塑膠杯內單一配對，放入24小時連續光照（24LL）、12小時黑暗12小時光照交替（12DL）、24小時連續黑暗（24DD）、24小時黑暗24小時光照交替（24DL）等不同光週期處理的恆溫恆濕生長箱內，調查雌蛾交尾率、產卵前期、產卵期、產卵量和壽命等。結果得知24LL組的交尾率為86%，較12DL組少6%。24DD組雌蛾產卵前期、產卵期、產卵量和壽命與12DL組無顯著差異，但24LL組產卵前期較長、產卵量較少且壽命較長，與24DD組有顯著差異（p＜0.05）。24DD組和12DL組雌蛾日產卵量分布曲線及累積日產卵率分布曲線相似，均以交尾當天（1日齡）雌蛾產卵量最多，日產卵量隨雌蛾日齡增加而減少，累積日產卵率至第4天（4日齡）已超過90%。24小時暗光交替條件下，雌蛾日產卵量分布曲線呈現隨暗光交替的鋸齒狀分布，雌蛾主要在黑暗期產卵，光照期僅產下極少量卵粒。前述結果可提供繁殖本種時提高卵粒收穫量等研究之參考。

關鍵字

外米綴蛾（Corcyra cephalonica）；光週期；交尾率；產卵量；壽命

並列摘要

The rice moth (Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton)) eggs can be used as excellent substitute host for natural enemy insects. The focus of this study was to investigate the effects of photoperiod on several biological characteristics of the rice moth. Select female and male moths within 20 hr of emergence for single pairing in a transparent plastic cup, and placed in the constant temperature and humidity growth chamber with different photoperiods such as 24 hr of continuous light (24LL), 12 hr shift of the dark-light cycle (12DL), 24 hr of continuous darkness (24DD), and dark-light cycles per 24 hr period (24DL). The influence of photoperiod on mating rate, pre-oviposition period, oviposition period, fecundity, and longevity of the female moth were investigated. The results indicated that the mating rate of the 24LL group was 86%, which was 6% less than that of the 12DL group. The pre-oviposition period, oviposition period, fecundity, and longevity of female moths in the 24DD group were no significantly different from those in the 12DL group, but the 24LL group had a longer pre-oviposition period, less fecundity, and a longer longevity. However, those in the 24LL group were significantly different (p＜0.05) from the 24DD groups. The daily fecundity distribution curve and cumulative daily oviposition rate distribution curve of the 24DD group and the 12DL group are similar. The most daily fecundity of female moth on the day of mating (1-day-old), and the daily fecundity decreased with increasing of the female moth’s age. The cumulative daily oviposition rate of female had exceeded 90% by the 4th day of mating (4-day-old). Under the condition of dark-light cycles per 24 hr period, the daily fecundity distribution curve of female showed a zigzag distribution with the shift of the dark-light cycle. Female moths mainly laid eggs in the dark period, and the daily fecundity in the light period was only very few eggs. The aforementioned results can provide a reference for researches such as improving eggs harvest rate when breeding this species.