長期施用牛糞堆肥對土壤重金屬之累積效應及適宜施用量評估

Assessment of Heavy Metal Accumulation and Optimal Application Rate for Long-term Application of Cattle Dung Compost in Red and Alluvial Soils

羅秋雄(Chiu-Shyoung Lo)

《桃園區農業改良場研究報告》 37期 (1999/06) Pp. 14-28

https://doi.org/10.29567/ZHWHGX.199906.0002

摘要

本研究自1993年至1998年在本場紅壤及新竹酸性砂頁岩沖積土試驗田進行。主要在探討長期施用牛糞堆肥對土壤理化性及重金屬累積量之影響，藉以評估牛糞堆肥之適宜施用量。以牛糞堆肥施用與否及每年或隔年施用為處理。牛糞堆肥全量於每年秋裡作甘藍時撒施並與土壤混合，第二作不再施用。試驗結果顯示，施用牛糞堆肥及矽酸爐渣對甘藍及水稻均具增產之效應，對青蔥雖亦具增產效果，但，軟腐病發生嚴重時可造成減產。施用矽酸爐渣可提高土壤之pH值，施用牛糞堆肥則微幅提高土壤pH值及增加土壤有機質含量。施用牛糞堆肥會造成鋅在土壤中的累積及增加可萃取性錳、鋅及鎳的含量。牛糞堆肥適宜施用量為265 t/ha，惟應避免連年過量施用，以避免農田土壤的鋅污染。

關鍵字

牛糞堆肥 ； 土壤 ； 重金屬 ； 適宜施用量

並列摘要

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of long-term application cattle dung compost on the heavy metals contents of soil and optimal application rate during 1993 to 1998 at Tayoung District Agricultural Improvement Station and Hsinchu. Application cattle dung compost and silicate slag or without applied at every or two years were involved in experiment. The whole amount of dairy dung compost was completely mixed with soil before planting as cabbage the first crop.The yield of cabbage, grain rice and green onion was significantly increased by application of cattle dung compost, but yield of green onion was decreased when soft rot was severely occurred.The soil pH value was increased by application of silicate slag, however, the pH value and organic matter content of soil was slightly increased by application of cattle dung compost.The accumulation of Zn in the soil and increase amount of extractable Mn, Zn and Ni was observed in treatment with cattle dung compost.To avoid Zn pollution, the reasonable application quantity of cattle dung compost at rate of 265 t/ha was recommended and a great or amount and consecutive applications of compost is not allowed.

並列關鍵字

Cattle dung compost ； Soil ； Heavy metals ； Optimal application rate