天麻種子發育與無菌播種之研究

Studies on Seed Development and ＂in vitro＂ Germination of ＂Gastrodia elata＂

葉志新(Chih-Hsin Yeh) ； 陳柏龍(Bo-Lung Chen) ； 林惠茹(Hui-Ju Lin) ； 廖芳心(Fang-Shin Liao)

《桃園區農業改良場研究彙報》 74期 (2013/12) Pp. 1-14

摘要

為建立天麻組織培養大量繁殖體系，本試驗紀錄天麻果莢及種子發育情形，並探討不同種子成熟度及培養基組成對無菌播種種子發芽率之影響。結果顯示，天麻授粉後果莢開始膨大，於9-15 DAP（days after pollination）生長速度最快，至15 DAP果莢已定型，至26-30 DAP果莢裂開種子飛散。取不同發育期種子無菌播種，14 DAP時發芽率3%，至20 DAP時發芽率達67%最高。當種子愈成熟，發芽率下降速度也愈明顯，至26 DAP時發芽率僅10%。為提高成熟種子發芽率，取成熟種子（28 DAP）為材料，以超音波震盪或次氯酸鈉溶液處理，皆可提高發芽率，其中以1%次氯酸鈉浸泡處理可提高發芽率至19.8%。培養基添加peptone 0.25 g L^(-1)處理也可提高發芽率至26.2%。

關鍵字

天麻 ； 果莢成熟 ； 無菌播種

並列摘要

The objectives of this study were to investigate the growth of capsules and morphology of seeds, and the effects of capsule maturity and medium treatment on ＂in vitro＂ seed germination in ＂Gastrodia elata＂. The results were summarized as follows. The capsules of ＂G. elata＂ rapidly increased in size after pollination, and reached the definite size on 15 DAP (days after pollination). The capsules opened and the seeds matured during 26-30 DAP. By using different maturing stages of capsules, the initial stage to germinate was collected and sowed on 14 DAP, while those collected and sowed on 20 DAP had the highest germination percentage (67%). The germination percentage decreased rapidly when the capsule began to ripen, till those collected and sowed on 26 DAP had the lower germination percentage (10%). The seeds harvested on 28 DAP, shook with ultrasound or soaked in NaOCl solution could increase germination percentage. Seeds soaked in 1% NaOCl solution for 10 minutes could enhance germination percentage up to 19.8%. The medium supplemented with 0.25 g L^(-1) peptone had the best germination percentage (26.2%) as compared with other treatments.

並列關鍵字

＂Gastrodia elata＂ ； asymbiotic seed germination ； capsule maturity