稉稻新品種桃園5號之育成

水稻新品種桃園5號（Taoyuan No.5, TY5）原品系名稱為桃園育10210565號，係以早熟且米質佳之‘臺農71號’為母本，與具有穩定高產等特性之中晚熟品種高雄139號為父本進行雜交，採譜系法進行後裔世代分離選拔，於2013年第2期作選出，並進入後續各級品系產量比較試驗及區域試驗評估，並於2019年7月申請命名通過。‘桃園5號’具有略早熟，稻穀產量穩定、米質外觀優良等特性，抗倒伏能力佳且脫粒率適中，適合機械收穫；惟本品種於第2期作後期耐寒性稍差，栽培時不宜過晚種植。此外，對於稻熱病、紋枯病、稻飛蝨等病蟲害不具抗性，應注意適時防治，且須注意避免過多施用氮肥。期於北部地區推廣此一早熟品種，配合第1期作延後插秧，以舒緩春季之農業灌溉用水之需求；並可提供多樣品種供農民選擇，以穩定產量及農民收入，進而降低氣候急遽變化之風險。

關鍵字

稉稻桃園5號；育種

並列摘要

Taoyuan No.5 (TY5), a new japonica rice variety, was originally named Taoyuanyu 10210565. It was selected in the second cropping season of 2013 from the progenies of the female parent ＂ Tainung No. 71＂ crossing with male parent ＂ Kaohsiung No. 139＂. Tainung No. 71 is a early-maturing, high-quality rice, while Kaohsiung No. 139 is a late-maturing, high yield and stability variety. After the processes of advanced yield trial, regional yield trial, and various agronomic characteristics tests, Taoyuanyu 10210565 was approved for registration as a new variety Taoyuan No.5 in July 2019. Taoyuan No. 5 has slightly earlier maturity, stable rice yield, excellent rice appearance, lodging resistance, and moderate threshing rate which is suitable for mechanical harvest. However, this variety is slightly poorer in cold tolerance during maturity stage of second cropping season, thence it should not be planted too late. In addition, it was not resistant to diseases and insect pests such as rice blast, sheath blight, rice planthopper, etc. It should be necessary to properly control disease or pest, and avoid to excessive nitrogen fertilizer applied to the field. The promotion of this early-maturing variety will reduce the use of agricultural irrigation water and provide more kinds of varieties for farmers. Therefore, the yields and farmers income will be stabilized, and then reduce the risk of rapid climate change.

並列關鍵字

Japonica rice ； Oryza sativa cv. Taoyuan No.5 ； Rice breeding

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