Stressors Associated with Pregnancy as Perceived by Pregnant Women during Three Trimesters

孕婦孕期心理壓力之探討

陳彰惠(Chung-Hey Chen) ； 陳惠敏(Huei-Mein Chen) ； 黃德慧(Teh-Huei Huang)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 5卷9期 (1989/09) Pp. 505-509

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.198909.0505

摘要

本研究的目的是以因素分析法將孕婦的各種心理壓力源加以歸類命名，並探討胎次、妊娠期別與壓力間的關係。本研究以陳氏等人編製的「懷孕壓力量表」為研究工具，自民國77年11月至78年4月在南部某私立教學醫院，選擇妊娠16週以下（妊娠第一期）即來接受產前檢查的正常孕婦為調查對象，並在妊娠第二期、第三期以同一份量表各追蹤調查一次。共有65位孕婦完成三次問卷調查，其中初胎孕婦32位，經產孕婦33位。
以因素分析法分析，發現因素結構如下：
(1)為確保母子健康及安全而引發之壓力感，(2)為認同母親角色而引發之壓力感，(3)為身體外形和身體活動改變而引發之壓力感。初胎孕婦和經產孕婦在各因素的壓力分數上沒有顯著差異。「確保母子健康及安全」以及「認同母親角色」而引發之壓力感方面在妊娠三期沒有顯著差異；「身體外形和身體活動改變」而引發之壓力感在妊娠三期則有統計上的顯著差異，以趨向分析的結果發現呈直線趨向，即隨著懷孕之進展，這方面的壓力感穩定上升。

並列摘要

A Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale that rated the incidence and severity of stressors associated with pregnancy was administered to 65 pregnant women during their three trimesters. The scores obtained from this scale were analyzed by factor analysis to determine the relationships within categories of stressor, and were analyzed by MANOVA, ANOVA, and trend analysis to determine the variations among nulliparas and multiparas.
Factor analysis of the quantitative data defined three categories of stressor experiences, which were labeled Factor I, Factor II and Factor III. It was found that the effects of parity and trimester, on Factor I and Factor II were not statistically significant. The findings also show that “stress from altering body structure and body function” (Factor III) continues to be an important factor throughout pregnancy. It gradually increases and maximizes during the third trimester. A statistically significant linear trend is revealed in three different trimesters. There is no significant difference, however, between nulliparous and multiparous women.

並列關鍵字

stress ； pregnancy ； maternal task