老年人體能活動參與及其相關因素的探討

The Participation of Physical Activity and Its Associated Factors in the Elderly

王瑞霞(Ruey-Shya Wang) ； 邱啟潤(Chii-Jun Chiou)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 12卷6期 (1996/06) Pp. 348-358

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.199606.0348

摘要

本研究以高雄市三民區65歲以上老年人共500名。以結構式問卷調查社區老年人體能活動參與及其相關因素。結構式問卷內容包括：（一）體能活動參與情形（二）修正因素：人口學因素、生物學特性、過去運動經歷及運動知識（三）認知－知覺因素：自覺健康狀況、自覺運動效力、自覺運動益處、自覺運動障礙四行動線索。
研究結果發現：
（1）老年人當中19.2 %（96人）是從來都沒有運動者，有15.9 % ( 79人）是以前有但現在沒有者，有20.4 % ( 102人）是間斷運動，有1 % ( 5人）的老人是只有星期假日才作運動，有43.8 % ( 218人）是除星期假日外，其它時間也運動者。有規律運動的老年人能符合每週至少3次，每次至少20分鐘者，有89.2 % ( 199 人）的老人達到，而散步為主要的運動方式。
（2）人口學因素、生物學特性、運動經歷、運動知識、自覺健康狀況、自覺運動效力、自覺運動益處、自覺運動障礙及行動線索在老年人體能活動的參與有顯著差異。
（3）以逐步對數複迴歸，在控制其它變項後，生活自理能力能完全自理者、年輕時沒有因運動而受傷過、男性、自覺運動效力得分較高、自覺運動障礙得分較低及行動線索得分較高者較傾向於規律運動。

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the participation of physical activity and its related factors in the elderly in the community. Five hundred elderly (≧65 yrs) living in the San-Mm district of Kaohsiung city was taken as study subjects. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data including the following items: (1) the participation of physical activity (2) modifying factors: demographic data, biological characteristics, previous experience in exercise and exercise knowledge (3) cognitive-perceptual factors: perceived health status, perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits and perceived barriers to exercise (4) cues to action.
The results showed 19.2% of the elderly never exercised, 15.9% had exercised previously but not now, 20.4% exercised intermittently, 1% exercised only on holidays and 43.8% exercised regularly. Within the elderly who exercised regularly, 89.2% exercised more than three times a week and at least 20 minutes each time, walking was the most popular exercise pattern. The participation of physical activity had significant relationship with modifying factors, cognitive-perceptual factors and cues to action. After logistic stepwise multiple regression, those who totally self-care, without a history of exercise injury during youth, male, higher perceived self-efficacy score, lower perceived barriers score and those with higher cues to action score tended to exercise regularly.

並列關鍵字

physical activity ； elderly