Characteristics of Adolescent Patients and Their Health Problems at an Adolescent Health Clinic

某青少年健康門診之病患及其健康問題的特性

李孟智(Meng-Chih Lee) ； 廖奇峰(Chi-Freng Liao) ； 李淑杏(Shu-Hsih Lee) ； 呂宗學(Tsung-Huesh Lu) ； 周明智(Ming-Chih Chou)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 13卷9期 (1997/09) Pp. 548-555

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.199709.0548

摘要

台灣近十年來，青少年之身體、心理、社會層面罹病率有漸增的趨勢。然而截至目前為止，我國尚無完整的青少年健康照顧體系及青少年醫學次專科醫師的訓練計畫。為更瞭解青少年病患及其健康問題的特性，本研究以民國83年1月至 84年12月在台灣中部某醫學院附設醫院青少健康門診就醫二次（含）以上之11歲至21歲青少年病患為對象，分析其病歷資料及青少病患登記資料。結果共有 264 青少年病患，其平均年齡為 18.7±3.4，女性病患（139人，佔 52.7 % ）略多於男性。大多數病患( 67.4 %）處於青少年晚期階段，且大多數病患 (81.4 %）為在學的學生。在兩年研究期問，這 264 位青少年病患共有 350 個健康問題，其就醫957次；平均每人有1.3個問題及平均每個問題就醫2.7次。補充類別、心理／精神疾患及呼吸系統疾病為青少年前三項健康問題類別，共佔所有健康問題之66.6％。一般醫學檢查、上呼吸道感染、預防注射則為最常見之三項個別疾病診斷。男性青少年有較多 B 型肝炎、要求諮商、藥癮及行為障礙方面的問題，女性則有較多上呼吸道感染、甲狀腺腫大、痙瘡、消化性潰瘍、偏頭痛及飲食障礙方面的問題。此外，不同青少年期別之病患有其較獨特的健康問題。吾人總結如下：青少年健康門診之病患以居青少年期晚期及具有學生身份者居多，且不同性別及青少年期別之病患有不同型態的健康問題。

並列摘要

In Taiwan, there has been an increase in biopsychosocial morbidity among adolescents in the past ten years, but neither an adolescent health care delivery system nor a subspecialty traninig program in adolescent medicine has been hitherto established. To better understand the characteristics of adolescent patients and their health problems, the sociodemography and health problems of all adolescent patients aged 11 to 21 years who visited the Adolescent Health Clinic twice or more during January, 1994 and December, 1995 at a college hospital, were analysed by reviewing patients’ medical records and the adolescent registration records. There were totally 264 adolescent patients with an average age of 18.7 ± 3.4 years. The number of female adolescents involved in the study (139 persons or 52.7%) was little more than that of male adolescents. Most of the adolescent patients (67.4%)were in late stage of adolescence; in addition, most of them (81.4%) were students. During the 2-year study period, there was a total of 350 independent health problems among 957 office visits made by the 264 patients, averaging 1.3 problems and 2.7 office visits per patient and per problem, respectively. Supplementary classification, mental disorders, and respiratory system diseases were the three leading disease classifications, occupying 66.6% of all disease classifications. General medical examination, upper respiratory tract infection, and immunization were more common among all individual diagnoses. Regarding gender difference in the encountered health problems, hepatitis B, office visiting for counseling, and conductive disorder, were more prominent in the male adolescents, whereas upper respiratory tract infection, goiter, acne vulgarls, peptic ulcer disease, migraine, and eating disorders were more common in the female adolescents. Moreover, the patients in the cliffernt stages of adolescence had their unique health problems. It was concluded that there were variations In the health problems encountered among adolescents of different genders and of the different stages of adolescence.

並列關鍵字

characteristics of adolescent patients ； adolescents ； health prolems