Development of Adenoids:A Study by Measurement with MR Images

腺樣體之發育：以磁振造影測量研究

趙垂勳(Twei-Shiun Jaw) ； 許瑞昇(Reu-Sheng Sheu) ； 劉金昌(Gin-Chung Liu) ； 林威辰(Wei-Chen Lin)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 15卷1期 (1999/01) Pp. 12-18

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.199901.0012

摘要

磁振造影可以清楚顯示腺樣體，並與周圍之軟組織區別，故可測得其實際大小。吾人可利用之來研究腺樣體的正常發育模式。為了明瞭腺樣體之正常發育式及其在孩童鼻咽氣道阻塞所扮演的角色，我們收集了因其他理由檢查的兒童正常頭部磁振造影，並對其臨床資料及病史做詳細檢視，將有呼吸道疾患、可能影響腺樣體大小的系統性疾患及早產兒等均加以排除。總計收集了290例嬰兒及孩童，將之分成19個年齡群。並以相同的條件收集了15例成人組（平均22歲）。利用正中矢狀面T1-weighted spin-echo磁振造影之影像，測定其腺樣體之最大厚度（A），鼻咽之前後徑（N），及腺樣體鼻咽之比值（A/N ratios）。結果顯示：三個月下以下的嬰兒，11例中僅有2例（18％）可見腺樣體；而4個月嬰兒8例中有6例（75％）可見腺樣體；5個月大以後則腺樣體均可見。而此後腺樣體的發育相當快速，在2歲至14歲間呈現高原期，其平均厚度在10.7至12.2mm之間。而於15歲以後，腺樣體即迅速退化。至於腺樣體鼻咽之比值（一般用以評估鼻咽氣道阻塞者）在2歲至7歲間形成一高原期。而此後，隨著鼻咽的穩定成長，腺樣體在氣道阻塞所扮演的角色，於後孩童期逐漸變得不重要。

並列摘要

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, which is able to demonstrate the actual size of adenoids by differentiating them from other soft-tissue structures, can be effectively used to study the normal development of adenoids. To assess the normal development of adenoids and to understand their role in the nasopharyngeal airway compromise, the adenoids of 290 children who had MR examination for other reasons were measured by midsagittal T1-weighted spin-echo MR image. The maximal thickness of adenoids (A), anteroposterior depth of nasopharynx (N) and the adenoid-nasophaynx (A/N) ratios were obtained using this method. The results showed that of the infants under the age of 3 months only 2 only 2 out of 11 adenoids (18%) could be identified. By 4 months of age, adenoids could be identified in 6 of 8 infants (75%). After 5 months of age, all adenoids were well demonstrated by MR imaging. The adenoids developed rapidly during infancy and reached a plateau between 2- and 14 years of age with a mean thickness ranging from 10.7 to 12.2mm.finally, the adenoids regressed rapidly after 15 years old. The A/N ratios, which could be used to assess the airway compromise, had a plateau between 2- and 7 years of age. After that, with the steady growth of the nasopharynx, the possible role of adenoid in airway compromise will become increasingly less significant in later childhood.

並列關鍵字

adenoids, development ； magnetic resonance imaging