標準化降雨指標應用於農業乾旱監測之研究

A Study on an Agricultural Drought Monitoring Method Using Standardized Precipitation Index

楊道昌(Tao-Chang Yang) ； 郭俊超(Chun-Chao Kuo) ； 呂季蓉(Chi-Jung Lu) ； 游保杉(Pao-Shan Yu)

《農業工程學報》 51卷2期 (2005/06) Pp. 11-25

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.200506.0002

摘要

本研究利用以雨量為基礎之氣象乾旱指標做為乾旱監測工具，期能偵測因降雨減少而導致灌溉水源不足之乾旱現象。標準化降雨指標為一氣象乾旱指標且已廣泛應用於美國，本研究以台灣南部地區具有40年以上長期雨量紀錄的測站為研究對象，並蒐集歷史乾旱紀錄，進而探討該指標之乾旱監測功能。本研究針對西元1980、1988及2002乾旱年加以分析並發現：標準化降雨指標為一有效之乾旱指標且能適切反應實際乾旱情況。同時利用嘉南地區十月份連續三個月與六個月降雨量之標準化降雨指標值可明確劃分為乾旱與非乾旱兩群集，並做為判斷隔年一期作是否發生乾旱現象之參考依據。

關鍵字

標準化降雨指標 ； 乾旱監測 ； 乾旱紀錄

並列摘要

The study used a meteorological drought index based on precipitation to develop a drought monitoring method which can detect the deficiency of water supply for irrigation during droughts. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) widely used in USA was applied in this work for drought monitoring, and the stations with rainfall records for more than 40 years in South Taiwan were chosen for analysis. Meanwhile, information on historical drought events has been collected to verify the monitoring ability of the proposed method. Analytical results from historical drought events in 1980, 1988, and 2002, reveal that SPI can reasonably respond the drought condition. Two groups of drought and non-thought events were divided according to the values of SPI3 and SPI6 in October in Chianan Area, which may help to judge whether the drought event occurs during the first paddy crop of the corning year.

並列關鍵字

Standardized precipitation index ； Drought monitoring ； Drought records