高桶式旋流漏斗排砂器的柱體區高度變化對泥砂去除效率影響之試驗研究

Effect of Cylinder Heights of a Deep-Depth Vortex Chamber Type Sediment Extractor on Sediment Removal Efficiency: Experiments

詹錢登(Chyan-Deng Jan) ； 楊致遠(Chih-Yuan Yang) ； 徐郁超(Yu-Chao Hsu) ； 向韋誠(Wei-Cheng Siang)

《農業工程學報》 62卷2期 (2016/06) Pp. 64-79

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201606_62(2).0006

摘要

高桶式旋流漏斗排砂器主要是將含砂水流導引流入旋流漏斗排砂器內進行圓周運動，利用離心力與重力之交互作用將水砂分離，進而使含砂濃度較高之渾水由排砂器底部的排砂底孔排出，而含砂濃度較低之渾水則由表層出流口流出，以達到排渾取清之目的。本研究使用直徑48 cm 及高度130 cm 的高桶式旋流漏斗排砂器進行試驗，且排砂器內設有寬12 cm 的水平懸板及直徑3 cm 的入流管。試驗配置包含三種排砂底孔直徑(D_u = 0.5 cm、0.7 cm 及1.0 cm)與三種柱體區高度(H_o = 50 cm、60 cm及70 cm)，柱體區高度和排砂器直徑之比值分別為1.04、1.25及1.46。渾水試驗採用的入流量介於80 × 10^(-6) m^3/s 至770 × 10^(-6) m^3/s 之間，試驗所使用的泥砂為粉土泥砂，其中值粒徑為0.041 mm，入流含砂濃度控制於60.0 g/L 至65.0 g/L 之間。試驗結果可知，當底孔直徑較小時(D_u = 0.5 cm)，柱體區高度較大者(H_o = 70 cm)有較好的排砂效果，其平均泥砂去除效率與平均表層出流含砂濃度分別約為99.2%與0.50g/L，但排砂底孔直徑較大時，柱體區高度對於泥砂去除效果的影響則較不顯著。

關鍵字

旋流漏斗排砂器 ； 柱體區高度 ； 渾水試驗 ； 泥砂去除效率

並列摘要

The muddy water flows into the vortex chamber type sediment extractor through tangential inlet pipe, and moves as a vortex flow inside the chamber. The water and sediment of the muddy water will be separated due to the gravity and centrifugal force. The flow though the bottom orifice contains higher sediment concentration, corresponding to the inflow while the flow through the overflow weir contains much lower sediment concentration. The experimental study was conducted in a deep-depth vortex chamber type sediment extractor which has a total height of 130 cm and an internal diameter of 48cm. The horizontal deflectors of 12 cm wide are installed inside the vortex chamber. The experimental arrangement contains: one kind of inlet pipe size (Di = 3 cm), three kinds of bottom orifice size (Du = 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 cm), and three kinds of overflow weir height (H_o = 50, 60, 70 cm) corresponding to three kinds of the bucket depth ratio (Ho/D) (i.e., 1.04, 1.25, 1.46). The inflow discharge of muddy water varied from 80 × 10^(-6) to 770 × 10^(-6) m^3/s. The inflow sediment concentrations are between 60.0 g/L and 65.0 g/L and the sediment used in experiments is silt sand having a median diameter of 0.041mm. According to the results of experiment, the sediment removal efficiency and overflow sediment concentration (η_s = 99.2% and C_o = 0.50 g/L) for the experiment using the bottom orifice of 0.5 cm and overflow weir height of 70 cm is better. But the bottom orifice diameter is larger, the overflow weir height is not significantly associated with the sediment removal efficiency and overflow sediment concentration.

並列關鍵字

Vortex chamber type sediment extractor ； Cylinder height ； Muddy water experiment ； Sediment removal efficiency