探討加護病房護理人員應具備之臨床能力

A Study of Nurses' Clinical Competencies in Intensive Care Units

黃淑芸(Shu-Yun Huang) ； 陳夏蓮(Shiah-Lian Chen) ； 胡庭禎(Ting-Chen Hu)

《榮總護理》 29卷3期 (2012/09) Pp. 243-254

https://doi.org/10.6142/VGHN.29.3.243

摘要

本研究目的在於瞭解加護病房護理人員具備之臨床能力，採修正型德懷術（modified Delphi method），進行二回合問卷調查，以自擬式問卷詢問護理專家對加護病房護理能力之看法。研究對象為醫學中心暨教學醫院具加護病房臨床工作年資5年以上，大學以上學歷計10位成員。問卷回收後，以SPSS軟體進行資料統計，以眾數、平均數、標準差、四分位差呈現專家對問題看法差異的程度，並以語意七分量表（semantic scale）請專家們評量各項目的常見性與重要性。本研究二回合問卷回收率皆為100%。研究結果發現，在第二回合問卷共獲得7層面67項加護病房護理人員臨床能力項目，各能力之常見性有55項（82%）之標準差小於或等於前一回合之標準差，84%四分位差小於1.0，顯示專家在常見性意見達中高度一致性；各能力項目之重要性有45項（67%）之標準差小於或等於前一回合之標準差，98.5%四分位差小於0.6，顯示專家在重要性意見上達高度一致性。本研究之結果可作為醫院在職教育訓練課程安排之參考，並提供護理學校設計急重症護理課程目標之依據。

關鍵字

護理人員臨床能力 ； 德懷術 ； 加護病房

並列摘要

Practice in the intensive care unit (ICU) has its particularity. The ability of nurses to provide services in ICU should be different from the regular units. Yet, very few studies describe clinical competencies of the ICU nurses. Purpose: To describe clinical competences of ICU nurses in a medical center and to confirm the clinical competences that they need to have as qualified ICU nurses. Method: This study modified the Delphi technique to clarify the competences of clinical nurses in an intensive care unit. A total of 10 critical care specialists from a medical center in central Taiwan were recruited. All experts had more than five years of clinical experience. This study examined the differences of the experts' views on clinical competencies of nurses in ICUs, and the data were examined using the descriptive analysis of modes, means, standard deviations and quarter deviations. Results: After two rounds of questionnaire survey, a total of seven levels and 67 items of clinical competence were obtained with the experts' consensus. Conclusions: The results of this study can be used as a reference for hospital in-service training, and provide the basis for nursing faculties at all levels in the design of emergency and critical care curriculum. Nurse managers may also use it as a reference to evaluate nurses' critical care competencies in their units.

並列關鍵字

nursing clinical competence ； delphi technique ； intensive care unit