- 期刊
五年制大專護生首次臨床實習壓力感知探討
Stress Perception of the First Clinical Practicum in 5-Year College Nursing Students
摘要
「首次臨床實習」是進入護理專業重要環節。本研究旨在探討五年制大專護生首次實習感受實習壓力程度及類型。採橫斷面研究方便取樣，研究對象北市醫護管理專科學校護理學生266位，於2019年6月15日至2019年9月3日進行問卷調查，含個人背景及實習壓力量表。SPSS 22版統計軟體進行資料分析。結果顯示實習壓力量表總平均2.43（SD=0.52）。護生感受實習壓力源最高為作業及工作量之壓力（M=2.81, SD=0.79）；最低為同學間相處之壓力（M=1.88, SD=0.74）。此外，不同家庭社經地位護生在「專業知識與技能之壓力」達顯著差異（F=3.58, p＜.05），且父母低社經地位護生比高社經地位護生較高得分（M=2.69 vs. 2.43）；多變項線性迴歸，高家庭社經地位者比低家庭社經地位者，有較低實習壓力得分（β=-.19, p＜.01）為重要解釋因子。整體迴歸解釋力9.2%。護生首次實習壓力「輕」到「中」壓力程度。作業及工作量最大實習壓力及低社經地位護生在專業知識與技能壓力最為顯著，故護理教育者須審視課程對作業在課室教學中引導書寫，工作量強化時間規畫；針對低社經地位護生提供課業輔導，並為護生面臨實習前做好準備。
並列摘要
The first clinical practicum is an important part of entering the nursing profession. This study explored the perceived level and types of stress experienced by 5-year college nursing students during their first clinical practicum. Convenience sampling was employed for this cross-sectional study. The study participants, who were nursing students from junior colleges of medicine, nursing, and management in Taipei City, were recruited from June 15 to September 3, 2019, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 266 nursing students. For data collection, the questionnaires used consisted of two sections: participants' demographic information and the Internship Stress Scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22. The results revealed that the mean score of stress was 2.43 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.52). Different sources of stressors perceived by students were identified in the current study. The greatest source of stress perceived by students was assignments and workload (mean [M] = 2.81, SD = 0.79). The least major source of stress perceived by students was peers (M = 1.88, SD = 0.74). In addition, the social economic status of the respondent's family has reached a significant difference in the ＂stress of professional knowledge and skills＂ (F = 3.58, p ＜ .05); students with parents of low socioeconomic status perceived higher levels of stress than students with parents of high socioeconomic status (M = 2.69 vs. 2.43). Several predictors of stress related to professional knowledge and skills were identified, including type of personality and socioeconomic status. The overall regression explanatory power was 9.2%. The findings of this study indicate a high level of stress among nursing students in clinical settings. Homework and workload are the greatest stressors; thus, nursing educators are encouraged to review nursing courses and the corresponding homework and workload. It is recommended that nursing students with low socioeconomic status be provided with academic guidance to overcome the stress posed by acquiring professional knowledge and skills, and strategies should be implemented for preparing nursing students for internships.