- 期刊
縮減國際數位落差－國際合作發展基金會推動經驗
Bridging the International Digital Divide-the Experiences of International Cooperation and Development Fund
摘要
資訊化社會所帶來的數位衝擊，使得先進國家與發展中國家之間的數位鴻溝愈形擴大，即所謂國際數位落差，此不獲擴大全球貧富差距，亦影響國際間的發展平衡。有鑑於此，2003年聯合國於日內瓦舉行之第一階段「資訊社會高峰會議」即將縮減國際數位落差列為該心議題，而2005年的突尼斯高峰會議亦重申應加強對貧窮國家的援助，使貧窮國家人民能夠分享資訊科技進步所帶來的經濟與社會利益。就此而言，以資訊通訊技術協助開發中國家創造數化機會，已成為國際發展援助的重要課題。 在執行方法論上，國際合作發展基金會以友邦之需求為導向，運用台灣資訊產業之利基，結合國際組織及國內外產、官、學界資源推動各項援助計畫。每項計畫均運用計畫循環的觀念，循序進行計畫確認、準備、評估、協商定案、執行、監督、效益評核等步驟，並強調計畫之永續經營。執行模式可分為兩大類：1.資訊教育計畫：於發展中國家的學校或社區設立電訊中心並培訓師資，以提供人民獲取資訊的權益；2.功能提升計畫：援引我國電子化政府發展經驗，引進我國開發之硬軟體系統，以協助友邦公部門提升行政管理效率。
並列摘要
The digital impact produced by the developments of the information society and knowledge economy have increased disparities in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and access to information between developed and developing countries. This has created the so-called international digital divide. Moreover, this divide has not only helped to increase the gap between rich and poor around the world, but it has also caused an imbalance in the development between nations. Understanding this pressing situation, the UN raised the crucial issue of bridging the international digital divide at the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) in Geneva, Switzerland, 2003. In 2005, the second phase of WSIS in Tunis, Tunisia reasserted the call for the international community to assist developing countries so that everyone around the world could share the economic advancement and social welfare engendered by Information Technology (IT). It is commonly agreed that assisting developing countries in bridging the digital divide in terms of ICT development is one of the important issues in international cooperation and development. The International Cooperation and Development Fund (Taiwan ICDF) implements ICT projects based on cooperating countries' needs. This is done by employing Taiwan's well-developed IT industry, cooperating with international organizations and using local private, public and academic sector resources. Projects are designed based on the project cycle, while the steps of identification, preparation, appraisal, negotiations, implementation and supervision, completion and evaluation are conducted in proper sequence. Sustainable implementation and management is emphasized as of utmost importance for the entire project. The IT project implementation modes are divided in two categories: 1. E-education Projects: assisting the schools or communities of developing countries in establishing telecenters as well as training their teachers in order to provide students or local residents with access to information. 2. Capacity Building Projects: based on Taiwan's e-government establishment experience; assisting the public sector of cooperating countries in upgrading their administration management efficiency as well as introducing IT hardware and software systems developed by Taiwanese companies.