國家公園功能與組織檢討芻議－兼論我國自然資源保育組織功能規劃

Review of National Parks' Function and Organization-Along with Discussion of Taiwan's Natural Resources Preservation Organization

陳錦雲(Chin-Yun Chen) ； 黃琳鈞(Lin-Chun Huang) ； 傅傳鈞(Chuan-Chun Fu)

《研考雙月刊》 32卷3期 (2008/06) Pp. 72-87

https://doi.org/10.6978/YKSYK.200806.0072

摘要

我國於71年9月正式成立第一座國家公園－墾丁國家公園，俟陸續成立7個國家公園，惟國家公園的設置與規劃僅為保育工作的開端，接續而來的經營管理工作更為重要，經營管理措施是否得當關係國家公園園區環境是否能有續發展。我國自然資源之管理體系，可分為三方面討論：一、在土地資源整體規劃、使用管制方面，由於規劃、管制、開發、審議法令分散，使得法令整合貫徹不易執行；二、在生物、景觀資源管理、保育方面，因主管機關眾多、管制方法及適用法律有所差異，亦增加管理作業流程；三、在土地權屬管理方面，自然資源土地並非以國（公）有土地為限，多半是公私有土地並存，且多與原住民保留地、原住民傳統領域等相競合。國家公園土地在國土規劃與利用上究應扮演何種角色？經營管理機制應如何建立？讓國家公園成為代表臺灣原生與保育的象徵，是本篇所探討的目標。爰從臺灣目前國家公園之分布、功能與管理組織現況，探索我國自然資源管理體系之檢討，並參考美、英、日、加國家公園體制比較，提出未來自然資源規劃管理體系整合策略建議、自然資源組織調整芻議及國家公園功能與發展定位之建議。

關鍵字

國家公園 ； 自然資源保育 ； 組織與功能

並列摘要

After establishing the first National Park, the Kenting National Park, on September 1982, our government had established seven National Parks. However, the establishment of National Parks is only a beginning of environmental preservation, and the management efficiency of National Parks is a key factor to determine if sustainable development could be achieved. The natural resources management system of our government could be discussed in three aspects: 1) The divergence of planning, regulation. development, and review of related laws obstructs the integration and implementation of natural resources; 2) The large number of supervisory agencies complicate the process of operational management; 3) Most of lands of natural resources are owned by both governments and private sectors and often overlaid with the lands reserved for indigenous people and the lands of indigenous people's traditional inhabitation, so it is an important issue to coordinate and integrate the use of the lands.
The main purpose of this paper is to discuss what role national park lands should play in terms of national lands planning and use, as well as, how to establish the management mechanism to make national parks a symbol of natural resources preservation in Taiwan. We first review the distribution of national parks and the function and organization of national park administration. Then discuss our natural resources management system Also we analyze national park administration system of the US, the UK, Japan, and Canada Finally draft advice on Taiwan natural resources organization and function adjustment.

並列關鍵字

national park ； natural resources preservation ； organization and function