蔣中正〈西安半月記〉之研究

蔣中正的（西安半月記）一向被視為研究西安事變的重要史料之一，廣為研究者參考。但是亦有研究者根據陳布雷的《回憶錄》，認為該文並非根據蔣氏日記完成，而是陳布雷閉門造車的產品。近年來，由於國史館典藏的《蔣中正總統檔案》對外開放，研究者參閱其中蔣氏日記類抄中關於西安事變部份，對照〈西安半月記〉，發現兩者內容大同小異，間接證實〈西安半月記〉一文應為蔣中正日記整理而成。本文重點在進一步依據蔣中正在西安事變期間的日記，以及陳布雷日記中關於起草（西安半月記）的記事，就〈西安半月記〉的成文經過、〈西安半月記〉與蔣中正「日記」的異同，以及〈西安半月記〉與《蔣中正總統檔案》中《事略稿本》等引用「日記」的資料內容之比較等主題，從史料學的觀點作一考察，以探討〈西安半月記〉的史料價值。

關鍵字

西安事變；西安半月記；蔣中正總統檔案；蔣中正；陳布雷

並列摘要

Chiang Kai-shek's account of his half month at Sian has been extensively referred to as valuable for those studying the 1936 coup by Chang Hs ueh-liang, but some scholars, on the basis of their probe into Chen Pu–lei's Memoirs, have asserted that instead of being a compilation based on Chiang's own diary accounts, ”Fortnight” was produced, mostly through conjecture, by Chen who worked as the generalissimo's confidential aide and speech–writer. Since the Academia Historica opened its Chiang Archives to the public, researchers have found much similarity in content between the archives' Sian-related diary portion and the said ”Fortnight” most probably resulted from an editorial rearrangement of Chiang's own diary entries. The present article attempts – from viewpoints of the ”study of historical materials”–to ascertain the value of this ”Fortnight” as a source, the approach being mainly through further comparison of Chiang's Sian –day diary entries and Chen's memoir account of how he drafted ”Fortnight” for Chiang. The matters attended to in the process include: l. How ”Fortnight” was written, 2.differences and similarities between ”Sian Fortnight” and the Chiang diary, and 3. ”Fortnight” accounts in comparison with the passages quoted from the Chiang diary for Shih-lueh kao-pen{Draft Biographical Sketch },etc. in the Academia Historica's Chiang Archives.